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Background <p>Parkinson’s disease (PD) is associated with motor dysfunction and muscle damage, often accompanied by inflammation and oxidative stress. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of 8&#xa0;weeks of Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training (MICT) and consumption of vitamin E (VE) on inflammatory markers and physical performance in a rat model of Parkinson’s disease (PD).</p> Methods <p>In this experimental study, 48 male Sprague–Dawley rats (18–20&#xa0;months old, 230–270&#xa0;g) were randomly assigned to five groups (<i>n</i> = 8 per group): Healthy Control (HC), Reserpine-treated (Res, 2&#xa0;mg/kg), Res + VE (30&#xa0;mg/kg/day), Res + MICT, and Res + MICT + VE combined. Aerobic training was performed five times per week for 8&#xa0;weeks, starting at 15&#xa0;min (10&#xa0;m/min) and gradually increasing to 48&#xa0;min (24&#xa0;m/min), representing moderate-intensity exercise. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Tukey’s post hoc test for multiple comparisons (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.05).</p> Results <p>Compared to Res, Res + MICT significantly increased PT, myogenin, and motor balance, and decreased CRP, CK-MB, and LDH (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.05). VE reduced PGE2, CRP, and LDH, and increased PT and motor balance (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.05). The Res + MICT + VE group showed the most pronounced effects, with greater improvements in myogenin, PT, motor balance, and reductions in CK-MB, LDH, PGE2, and CRP than either Res + MICT or Res + VE alone (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.05).</p> Conclusion <p>The combination of AT and VE enhances muscle function and balance in PD. While VE shows stronger analgesic effects, AT provides superior myogenic benefits. Their combination may offer complementary advantages. These findings are limited to the specific rat model and dosing regimen applied.</p>

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Combined moderate-intensity continues training and vitamin E supplementation exert synergistic benefits on muscle damage markers, pain threshold, and motor balance in a rat model of Parkinson’s disease

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月29日

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  • Ebtesam Asadi Nia,
  • Ali Ladoni,
  • Atena Sarkohaki,
  • Asiye Seyed,
  • Omidreza Salehi

摘要

Background

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is associated with motor dysfunction and muscle damage, often accompanied by inflammation and oxidative stress. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training (MICT) and consumption of vitamin E (VE) on inflammatory markers and physical performance in a rat model of Parkinson’s disease (PD).

Methods

In this experimental study, 48 male Sprague–Dawley rats (18–20 months old, 230–270 g) were randomly assigned to five groups (n = 8 per group): Healthy Control (HC), Reserpine-treated (Res, 2 mg/kg), Res + VE (30 mg/kg/day), Res + MICT, and Res + MICT + VE combined. Aerobic training was performed five times per week for 8 weeks, starting at 15 min (10 m/min) and gradually increasing to 48 min (24 m/min), representing moderate-intensity exercise. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Tukey’s post hoc test for multiple comparisons (P ≤ 0.05).

Results

Compared to Res, Res + MICT significantly increased PT, myogenin, and motor balance, and decreased CRP, CK-MB, and LDH (P ≤ 0.05). VE reduced PGE2, CRP, and LDH, and increased PT and motor balance (P ≤ 0.05). The Res + MICT + VE group showed the most pronounced effects, with greater improvements in myogenin, PT, motor balance, and reductions in CK-MB, LDH, PGE2, and CRP than either Res + MICT or Res + VE alone (P ≤ 0.05).

Conclusion

The combination of AT and VE enhances muscle function and balance in PD. While VE shows stronger analgesic effects, AT provides superior myogenic benefits. Their combination may offer complementary advantages. These findings are limited to the specific rat model and dosing regimen applied.