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Purpose <p>Bodyweight eccentric exercise training (ET), in which eccentric contractions are prolonged while minimizing the effort for concentric contractions, is shown to improve the physical functions of older adults. No previous study has compared this with bodyweight resistance exercise training in which both concentric and eccentric contractions are performed slowly (CET). We hypothesized that CET would produce better health and fitness outcomes than ET.</p> Methods <p>Healthy older adults (65–89 years) were placed into the ET (<i>n</i> = 21) or CET group (<i>n</i> = 19). Both groups performed several bodyweight resistance exercises at a community center once and at home more than twice a week for 10&#xa0;weeks. In the exercises, each eccentric contraction was 3&#xa0;s for both groups, but each concentric contraction was performed with as little effort as possible for ET, but 3&#xa0;s for CET. Resting heart rate, blood pressure, knee extensor muscle thickness (MT), maximal voluntary contraction strength (MVC), physical function tests (30-s chair stand: CS, 3-m timed up and go: TUG, sit and reach, 6-m walking time: 6WT and static balance) were assessed before and after the 10-week training, and their changes were compared between groups.</p> Results <p>The subjective exercise intensity was lower (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.01) for ET (2.2 ± 1.8/10) than CET (3.2 ± 1.7). Greater improvements in resting heart rate, blood pressure, CS, TUG, and 6WT were found for ET than CET, but MT and MVC increased similarly for both groups (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05).</p> Conclusion <p>These results did not support the hypothesis in the present study design and showed that eccentric-focused training yielded greater benefits than slow concentric–eccentric training.</p>

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Comparison between eccentric-focused and slow concentric–eccentric bodyweight exercise training for their effects on physical function and health parameters in older adult

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月20日

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  • Yoshihiro Katsura,
  • Noriko Takeda,
  • Takayuki Inami,
  • Shota Yamaguchi,
  • Sho Takahashi,
  • Masatoshi Nakamura,
  • Kazunori Nosaka

摘要

Purpose

Bodyweight eccentric exercise training (ET), in which eccentric contractions are prolonged while minimizing the effort for concentric contractions, is shown to improve the physical functions of older adults. No previous study has compared this with bodyweight resistance exercise training in which both concentric and eccentric contractions are performed slowly (CET). We hypothesized that CET would produce better health and fitness outcomes than ET.

Methods

Healthy older adults (65–89 years) were placed into the ET (n = 21) or CET group (n = 19). Both groups performed several bodyweight resistance exercises at a community center once and at home more than twice a week for 10 weeks. In the exercises, each eccentric contraction was 3 s for both groups, but each concentric contraction was performed with as little effort as possible for ET, but 3 s for CET. Resting heart rate, blood pressure, knee extensor muscle thickness (MT), maximal voluntary contraction strength (MVC), physical function tests (30-s chair stand: CS, 3-m timed up and go: TUG, sit and reach, 6-m walking time: 6WT and static balance) were assessed before and after the 10-week training, and their changes were compared between groups.

Results

The subjective exercise intensity was lower (P < 0.01) for ET (2.2 ± 1.8/10) than CET (3.2 ± 1.7). Greater improvements in resting heart rate, blood pressure, CS, TUG, and 6WT were found for ET than CET, but MT and MVC increased similarly for both groups (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

These results did not support the hypothesis in the present study design and showed that eccentric-focused training yielded greater benefits than slow concentric–eccentric training.