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Purpose <p>The main purpose of the current study was to compare the effect of two different aquatic exercise training modalities on the health-related and skill-related physical fitness (PF) components in men with mental retardation (MR).</p> Methods <p>In the present study, 30 men with MR aged 17–22&#xa0;years, with an intelligence quotient (IQ) of 50–69, were randomly allocated to three groups of 10 individuals per group: training in the form of long sets (TFLS), training in the form of short sets (TFSS), as well as control group. The aquatic training program was progressively conducted in the form of short and long sets over ten consecutive weeks, with two sessions per week, each lasting 30–70&#xa0;min. Statistical data on PF components were collected only at baseline and after 10&#xa0;weeks of training.</p> Results <p>The results demonstrated that both TFLS and TFSS training modalities significantly improved endurance performance, upper and lower body muscular endurance, static balance with open eyes and closed eyes, dynamic balance, and agility in men with MR compared to the control group (p &lt; 0.01). Lower body muscular endurance, static balance with open eyes and closed eyes, and agility improved more in the TFSS group than the TFLS group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05).</p> Conclusion <p>Although both types of aquatic training modalities ameliorated the health-related and skill-related PF components, it is recommended to use TFSS for further improvement in such components in men with MR.</p>

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The aquatic training in the form of long and short sets in men with mental retardation: effect on health-related and skill-related physical fitness components

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月9日

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  • Amir Hossein Haghighi,
  • Hossein Asgari,
  • Mohammad Reza Hamedi-Nia,
  • Hadi Shahrabadi,
  • Sadegh Abbasian

摘要

Purpose

The main purpose of the current study was to compare the effect of two different aquatic exercise training modalities on the health-related and skill-related physical fitness (PF) components in men with mental retardation (MR).

Methods

In the present study, 30 men with MR aged 17–22 years, with an intelligence quotient (IQ) of 50–69, were randomly allocated to three groups of 10 individuals per group: training in the form of long sets (TFLS), training in the form of short sets (TFSS), as well as control group. The aquatic training program was progressively conducted in the form of short and long sets over ten consecutive weeks, with two sessions per week, each lasting 30–70 min. Statistical data on PF components were collected only at baseline and after 10 weeks of training.

Results

The results demonstrated that both TFLS and TFSS training modalities significantly improved endurance performance, upper and lower body muscular endurance, static balance with open eyes and closed eyes, dynamic balance, and agility in men with MR compared to the control group (p < 0.01). Lower body muscular endurance, static balance with open eyes and closed eyes, and agility improved more in the TFSS group than the TFLS group (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

Although both types of aquatic training modalities ameliorated the health-related and skill-related PF components, it is recommended to use TFSS for further improvement in such components in men with MR.