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Background <p>Basketball is a highly physiologically demanding sport with both anaerobic and aerobic energy mechanisms being employed.</p> Aims <p>This study longitudinally examines short- and long-term physiological adjustments in professional basketball players.</p> Methods <p>The physiological adjustments of 54 league two male basketball players (median age 27.0&#xa0;years, interquartile range 22.0–29.2&#xa0;years) were measured in four different periods: before pre-season, after pre-season, in the middle, and at the end of the season. Body fat percentage (% BF), cardiorespiratory parameters, functional tests, and leg power were assessed. Due to skewness, medians and interquartile ranges (IQR) were used instead of means and standard deviations (SD). Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to identify physiological patterns at all time points and their relation to age.</p> Results <p>Maximal oxygen uptake capacity (VO<sub>2</sub>max), velocity at VO<sub>2</sub>max (vVO<sub>2</sub>max), and functional tests increased between the 1st and 12th week and mainly remained unaltered during the season (12th and 24th weeks). They reduced at the 40th week (median values of VO<sub>2</sub>max were 51.42, 54.56, 54.56, and 52.26&#xa0;ml/kg/min and median values of vVO<sub>2</sub>max were 17.0, 18.0, 18.0, and 17.50&#xa0;km/h, respectively). VO₂max increased by 5.13% from baseline to week 12. The opposite trend was documented for weight, % BF, maximum heart rate (HRmax), and heart rate at the anaerobic threshold (ATHR). The % pre–post difference in % BF was negatively associated with % differences in VO<sub>2</sub>max (rho = −0.367, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). The PCA analysis revealed several combinations of variables such as HRmax–ATHR, VO<sub>2</sub>max–vVO<sub>2</sub>max, and vertical jump–elastic power–power performance with some variations during the season.</p> Conclusions <p>Physiological adjustments are present pre-seasonally, and their assessment may be used to design more efficient and targeted training for the athletes’ needs.</p>

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Seasonal variation in body fat and physiological profile of competitive young adult basketball players: a four-time-point longitudinal study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月5日

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  • Paraskevi Detopoulou,
  • Vasileios Dedes,
  • Spyridoula Ioanna Mourtziapi,
  • Anastasia Perrea,
  • Athanasios Mourtziapis,
  • Georgios Kipreos,
  • Georgios I. Panoutsopoulos

摘要

Background

Basketball is a highly physiologically demanding sport with both anaerobic and aerobic energy mechanisms being employed.

Aims

This study longitudinally examines short- and long-term physiological adjustments in professional basketball players.

Methods

The physiological adjustments of 54 league two male basketball players (median age 27.0 years, interquartile range 22.0–29.2 years) were measured in four different periods: before pre-season, after pre-season, in the middle, and at the end of the season. Body fat percentage (% BF), cardiorespiratory parameters, functional tests, and leg power were assessed. Due to skewness, medians and interquartile ranges (IQR) were used instead of means and standard deviations (SD). Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to identify physiological patterns at all time points and their relation to age.

Results

Maximal oxygen uptake capacity (VO2max), velocity at VO2max (vVO2max), and functional tests increased between the 1st and 12th week and mainly remained unaltered during the season (12th and 24th weeks). They reduced at the 40th week (median values of VO2max were 51.42, 54.56, 54.56, and 52.26 ml/kg/min and median values of vVO2max were 17.0, 18.0, 18.0, and 17.50 km/h, respectively). VO₂max increased by 5.13% from baseline to week 12. The opposite trend was documented for weight, % BF, maximum heart rate (HRmax), and heart rate at the anaerobic threshold (ATHR). The % pre–post difference in % BF was negatively associated with % differences in VO2max (rho = −0.367, p < 0.001). The PCA analysis revealed several combinations of variables such as HRmax–ATHR, VO2max–vVO2max, and vertical jump–elastic power–power performance with some variations during the season.

Conclusions

Physiological adjustments are present pre-seasonally, and their assessment may be used to design more efficient and targeted training for the athletes’ needs.