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<p>The aim of this study was to investigate age-related changes in leg muscle strength through a set of jumping and running and skating acceleration tests in young female ice figure skaters and to identify latent factors of performance in these tests. Standing long jump (SLJ), single-leg triple hop on the right leg (TJR) and left leg (TJL), repeated vertical jumps (RVJ), and 15&#xa0;m skating and running acceleration on an ergometry device were measured in 437 female figure skaters aged 8–13&#xa0;years. One-way MANOVA/ANOVA (α = 0.05) showed progressive changes in all eleven indicators of the five tests, except for the ground contact time in RVJ. Performance in tests involving the horizontal component of force (SLJ, TJR, and TLJ) showed significant year by year improvements, while performance in other tests showed rather nonlinear changes with age. The results of principal component analysis with varimax rotation revealed three significant latent factors, i.e., the three functional qualities which were interpreted as follows: (i) the fast stretch–shortening cycle (SSC) capability for jumping in the vertical direction, determined by mechanical power (W/kg) during take-offs; (ii) the slow SSC capability for jumping in the horizontal direction, indicated by distance covered with TJR or TJL; and (iii) the fast SSC capability for skating, indicated by 15-m skating and running acceleration time.</p>

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Lower Limb Dynamic Strength and Short Distance Locomotion Speed in 8-13 Year Old Female Ice Figure Skaters: Age Changes and Latent Factors

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月8日

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  • Rudolf Psotta,
  • Michal Lehnert,
  • Jiří Helešic,
  • Mark De Ste Croix

摘要

The aim of this study was to investigate age-related changes in leg muscle strength through a set of jumping and running and skating acceleration tests in young female ice figure skaters and to identify latent factors of performance in these tests. Standing long jump (SLJ), single-leg triple hop on the right leg (TJR) and left leg (TJL), repeated vertical jumps (RVJ), and 15 m skating and running acceleration on an ergometry device were measured in 437 female figure skaters aged 8–13 years. One-way MANOVA/ANOVA (α = 0.05) showed progressive changes in all eleven indicators of the five tests, except for the ground contact time in RVJ. Performance in tests involving the horizontal component of force (SLJ, TJR, and TLJ) showed significant year by year improvements, while performance in other tests showed rather nonlinear changes with age. The results of principal component analysis with varimax rotation revealed three significant latent factors, i.e., the three functional qualities which were interpreted as follows: (i) the fast stretch–shortening cycle (SSC) capability for jumping in the vertical direction, determined by mechanical power (W/kg) during take-offs; (ii) the slow SSC capability for jumping in the horizontal direction, indicated by distance covered with TJR or TJL; and (iii) the fast SSC capability for skating, indicated by 15-m skating and running acceleration time.