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Purpose <p>This study evaluated the effectiveness of home-based corrective exercises on soft surfaces for improving posture, neck strength, balance, body composition, and quality of life (QOL) in older adults with smartphone addiction.</p> Methods <p>A double-blinded randomized-controlled trial design was employed in this study. Sixty smartphone-addicted individuals (66.5 ± 4.5&#xa0;years) were randomly assigned to three groups (<i>n</i> = 20 each): control education (CON), corrective exercise on hard surface (HARD), or on soft surface (SOFT). Home-based exercises were conducted three times a week for 6 weeks. Measurements of forward head posture (FHP), rounded shoulders (RSP), craniocervical flexion test (CCFT), functional reach test (FRT), timed up and go (TUG), body composition, and WHOQOL-BREF-THAI questionnaire were taken before the intervention, after 6 weeks, and at a 1-month follow-up. Time, group, and interaction effects were assessed using a mixed ANOVA.</p> Results <p>All groups showed improvements in FHP (CON: 5.1°,&#xa0;<i>d</i> = 0.81; HARD: 7.1°,&#xa0;<i>d</i> = 0.98; SOFT: 6.7°,&#xa0;<i>d</i> = 1.14; all&#xa0;<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and RSP, with increased neck strength across groups. No substantial between-group variances were discovered. The SOFT group continued these progressions at follow-up (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). TUG performance declined in the CON group (<i>p</i> = 0.015), but unchanged in HARD and SOFT. There were no significant changes in FRT, body composition, or QOL.</p> Conclusions <p>All interventions improved posture and CCFT without affecting balance or quality of life. There were no significant differences between groups in balance or QOL. This randomized-controlled trial demonstrated that only the SOFT group showed longer lasting improvements, with moderate-to-large effect sizes, supporting its clinical application in corrective exercise selection.</p>

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Effectiveness of home-based corrective exercises on posture and neck strength in older adults with smartphone addiction: a randomized-controlled trial

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月15日

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  • Kunavut Vannajak,
  • Pornpimol Muanjai,
  • Nakarin Wawnatde,
  • Audrius Snieckus,
  • Pimonpan Taweekarn

摘要

Purpose

This study evaluated the effectiveness of home-based corrective exercises on soft surfaces for improving posture, neck strength, balance, body composition, and quality of life (QOL) in older adults with smartphone addiction.

Methods

A double-blinded randomized-controlled trial design was employed in this study. Sixty smartphone-addicted individuals (66.5 ± 4.5 years) were randomly assigned to three groups (n = 20 each): control education (CON), corrective exercise on hard surface (HARD), or on soft surface (SOFT). Home-based exercises were conducted three times a week for 6 weeks. Measurements of forward head posture (FHP), rounded shoulders (RSP), craniocervical flexion test (CCFT), functional reach test (FRT), timed up and go (TUG), body composition, and WHOQOL-BREF-THAI questionnaire were taken before the intervention, after 6 weeks, and at a 1-month follow-up. Time, group, and interaction effects were assessed using a mixed ANOVA.

Results

All groups showed improvements in FHP (CON: 5.1°, d = 0.81; HARD: 7.1°, d = 0.98; SOFT: 6.7°, d = 1.14; all p < 0.001) and RSP, with increased neck strength across groups. No substantial between-group variances were discovered. The SOFT group continued these progressions at follow-up (p < 0.05). TUG performance declined in the CON group (p = 0.015), but unchanged in HARD and SOFT. There were no significant changes in FRT, body composition, or QOL.

Conclusions

All interventions improved posture and CCFT without affecting balance or quality of life. There were no significant differences between groups in balance or QOL. This randomized-controlled trial demonstrated that only the SOFT group showed longer lasting improvements, with moderate-to-large effect sizes, supporting its clinical application in corrective exercise selection.