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Purpose <p>The primary aim of this study was to assess the effect of post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) on repetition volume in back squat sets, with a secondary focus on velocity loss, compared to a traditional general warm-up.</p> Methods <p>Twenty strength-trained participants (5 women and 15 men; 23.9 ± 3.6&#xa0;years; 3.9 ± 2.7&#xa0;years of training experience) completed three warm-up protocols on randomized days: (1) general warm-up (GW): 5&#xa0;min of treadmill running, 2.5&#xa0;min of stretching, and 10 back squats at 50% of one-repetition maximum (1RM); (2) conditioning activity (CA): 3 back squats at 85% of 1RM; and (3) combined (GWCA): GW followed by CA. After completing the warm-up, participants performed three sets of squats to failure at 75% of their 1RM, with individualized recovery intervals. Repeated measures ANOVA and Friedman tests were performed.</p> Results <p>The were no significant differences in total repetitions among the protocols (<i>f</i> = 2.91; <i>p</i> = 0.067). The mean differences were 0.9 reps [95% CI − 3.713, 5.513] for GW versus CA, 1.1 reps [95% CI − 3.137, 5.337] for GW versus GWCA, and 2 reps [95% CI − 2.023, 6.023] for CA versus GWCA. Similarly, there were no significant differences in mean velocity loss (<i>f</i> = 1.20; <i>p</i> = 0.312).</p> Conclusion <p>The PAPE does not enhance repetition volume or reduce velocity loss in multiple back squats to failure. Traditional, combined, and isolated CA warm-ups demonstrated comparable outcomes, suggesting no clear advantage of high-intensity CA in this context.</p>

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Post-activation performance enhancement does not improve repetition volume or reduce velocity loss in multiple sets of back squats to failure compared to a traditional warm-up: a cross-sectional study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月12日

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  • Thamyres D. M. Rodrigues,
  • Regina Brena L. Costa,
  • Maria Carolina T. Gama,
  • Ana Beatriz C. V. Batista,
  • Layla M. dos Santos,
  • Cíntia E. Botton

摘要

Purpose

The primary aim of this study was to assess the effect of post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) on repetition volume in back squat sets, with a secondary focus on velocity loss, compared to a traditional general warm-up.

Methods

Twenty strength-trained participants (5 women and 15 men; 23.9 ± 3.6 years; 3.9 ± 2.7 years of training experience) completed three warm-up protocols on randomized days: (1) general warm-up (GW): 5 min of treadmill running, 2.5 min of stretching, and 10 back squats at 50% of one-repetition maximum (1RM); (2) conditioning activity (CA): 3 back squats at 85% of 1RM; and (3) combined (GWCA): GW followed by CA. After completing the warm-up, participants performed three sets of squats to failure at 75% of their 1RM, with individualized recovery intervals. Repeated measures ANOVA and Friedman tests were performed.

Results

The were no significant differences in total repetitions among the protocols (f = 2.91; p = 0.067). The mean differences were 0.9 reps [95% CI − 3.713, 5.513] for GW versus CA, 1.1 reps [95% CI − 3.137, 5.337] for GW versus GWCA, and 2 reps [95% CI − 2.023, 6.023] for CA versus GWCA. Similarly, there were no significant differences in mean velocity loss (f = 1.20; p = 0.312).

Conclusion

The PAPE does not enhance repetition volume or reduce velocity loss in multiple back squats to failure. Traditional, combined, and isolated CA warm-ups demonstrated comparable outcomes, suggesting no clear advantage of high-intensity CA in this context.