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Background <p>Depression is a prevalent mental health condition among older adults, negatively impacting their quality of life and overall well-being. Physical exercise has been identified as a potential intervention for improving mental health in this population. Multicomponent training (MCT), which combines exercises targeting multiple physical capacities, is widely prescribed to older adults; however, its efficacy in reducing depressive symptoms (DS) remains unclear. </p> Objectives <p>This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of MCT on DS in older adults, assess the overall effectiveness of such interventions, and identify methodological and contextual factors that might influence outcomes. </p> Methods <p>We conducted a systematic search across six databases—PubMed, LILACS, SciELO, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science—for clinical trials evaluating MCT interventions in older adults with DS. Included studies used the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) to assess outcomes. MCT was defined as a training program incorporating at least three distinct physical capacities (e.g., strength, endurance, balance, flexibility). Meta-analyses were performed using a random-effects model (Hedges’ g), and study quality was assessed using the TESTEX scale.</p> Results <p>Ten studies (<i>n</i> = 781) were included in the systematic review, with five studies (<i>n</i> = 305) included in the meta-analysis. The pooled analysis revealed no significant overall effect of MCT on DS (g = −0.090; 95% CI = −0.448 to 0.269, <i>p</i> = 0.624). Methodological inconsistencies, lack of load control, and high variability in MCT composition across studies were noted. The median methodological quality was moderate (median TESTEX score = 7, IQR 7–8). Recent literature has emphasized the importance of protocol specificity and suggested that current MCT designs may not effectively address mental health outcomes.</p> Conclusion <p>MCT interventions did not show a significant effect on reducing DS in older adults. Given its frequent prescription in geriatric care, these findings challenge current assumptions about MCT’s mental health benefits. This message is crucial for clinicians and researchers, as small variations in protocol design may hinder consistency in outcomes. Further high-quality trials are needed to clarify MCT's potential role in mental health management among older adults.</p>

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Multicomponent exercise training does not alter depressive symptoms in older people: a systematic review with meta-analysis of current evidence

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月17日

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  • Ariani França Conceição,
  • Guilherme Eustáquio Furtado,
  • Camilo Luis Monteiro Lourenço,
  • Ana Luiza Rego Dias,
  • Francisco Rodrigues,
  • Sónia Brito-Costa,
  • Natália Oiring de Castro Cezar,
  • Marcos Paulo Braz de Oliveira,
  • Saulo Vasconcelos Rocha

摘要

Background

Depression is a prevalent mental health condition among older adults, negatively impacting their quality of life and overall well-being. Physical exercise has been identified as a potential intervention for improving mental health in this population. Multicomponent training (MCT), which combines exercises targeting multiple physical capacities, is widely prescribed to older adults; however, its efficacy in reducing depressive symptoms (DS) remains unclear.

Objectives

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of MCT on DS in older adults, assess the overall effectiveness of such interventions, and identify methodological and contextual factors that might influence outcomes.

Methods

We conducted a systematic search across six databases—PubMed, LILACS, SciELO, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science—for clinical trials evaluating MCT interventions in older adults with DS. Included studies used the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) to assess outcomes. MCT was defined as a training program incorporating at least three distinct physical capacities (e.g., strength, endurance, balance, flexibility). Meta-analyses were performed using a random-effects model (Hedges’ g), and study quality was assessed using the TESTEX scale.

Results

Ten studies (n = 781) were included in the systematic review, with five studies (n = 305) included in the meta-analysis. The pooled analysis revealed no significant overall effect of MCT on DS (g = −0.090; 95% CI = −0.448 to 0.269, p = 0.624). Methodological inconsistencies, lack of load control, and high variability in MCT composition across studies were noted. The median methodological quality was moderate (median TESTEX score = 7, IQR 7–8). Recent literature has emphasized the importance of protocol specificity and suggested that current MCT designs may not effectively address mental health outcomes.

Conclusion

MCT interventions did not show a significant effect on reducing DS in older adults. Given its frequent prescription in geriatric care, these findings challenge current assumptions about MCT’s mental health benefits. This message is crucial for clinicians and researchers, as small variations in protocol design may hinder consistency in outcomes. Further high-quality trials are needed to clarify MCT's potential role in mental health management among older adults.