Introduction <p>Mental health support for athletes is becoming increasingly important. Among the general Indian population, both males and females are at risk for developing mental health issues. This study examines the prevalence of mental health issues among Indian collegiate athletes.</p> Methods <p>Collegiate athletes (n=262) from Chennai (southern India) who competed in various sports events underwent a questionnaire-based screening for anxiety symptoms using the Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) and for depression symptoms using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9).</p> Results <p>22.9% and 19.1% of athletes scored higher than the cut-off scores for PHQ-9 (mean score = 6.47 ± 4.69) and GAD-7 (mean score = 5.46 ± 4.43), indicating anxiety and depression symptoms, respectively. Gender did not influence the occurrence of depressive symptoms, but male athletes (54.0%) were found to have a higher risk for screening positive for anxiety in comparison to female athletes (46.0%).</p> Conclusion <p>Anxiety and depression are found to be prevalent among collegiate athletes. Age, level of sport, type of sport, and history of physical injury did not relate to depression and anxiety scores. However, gender was found to have a significant association with anxiety symptoms. Results suggest that mental health screening should be integral to athlete assessment in both male and female athletes.</p>