Challenges of Bone Scintigraphy in Assessment of Osseous Metastases in Prostate Cancer: Why it is Time to Reconsider Role of 1⁸F-NaF PET/CT
摘要
Evaluation of suspected bone lesions is routinely performed during the course of treatment in patients with prostate cancer, particularly in those presenting with bone pain or other clinical concern for disease progression. In the United States, technetium-99 m–labeled methylene diphosphonate (⁹⁹ᵐTc-MDP) bone scintigraphy is predominantly performed for these indications, largely due to its widespread availability, established clinical workflows, and reliable insurance reimbursement. However, 1⁸F-NaF PET/CT offers higher sensitivity for detecting bone metastases and improved differentiation between malignant and degenerative skeletal changes compared with conventional bone scintigraphy. Although bone scans are often considered lower in radiation dose, their limited specificity frequently necessitates additional imaging, such as same-day diagnostic CT or SPECT/CT, thereby increasing cumulative radiation exposure and resource utilization. In contrast, 1⁸F-NaF PET/CT provides comprehensive whole-body skeletal assessment in a single examination with shorter acquisition time. Several studies also suggest that 1⁸F-NaF PET may detect additional or more extensive osseous lesions compared with other tracers, including PSMA-targeted agents, in selected clinical contexts. Given the substantial clinical implications of underestimating skeletal disease burden, these findings further support reconsideration of the role of 1⁸F-NaF PET/CT in contemporary prostate cancer imaging.
Graphical Abstract