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Introduction <p>Alterations in the lipidomic profile have been implicated in the development and disease progression in type 1 diabetes. We have previously demonstrated that the lipidomic profile at the time of diagnosis could predict residual insulin production the following 6 to 12 months, in children.</p> Objectives <p>Given the strong influence of age on residual insulin production, we aimed to investigate the association between the lipidomic profile and residual insulin production in adults newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes.</p> Method <p>We performed lipidomic profiling of plasma samples from 29 adults newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. Linear regression and backward stepwise multiple regression analyses were used to assess the association between the lipidomic profile and C-peptide levels during a 2&#xa0;h mixed-meal tolerance test. All data was derived from an original randomised clinical trial with the trial registration number: EudraCT number: 2019-004434-41.</p> Results <p>The lysophosphatidylcholines (LPCs) were the strongest predictors of residual insulin production. Higher baseline LPC levels were associated with increased residual insulin production at week 52. Specifically, LPC(20:4/0:0), LPC(0:0/20:4), and LPC(0:0/16:0) were significantly associated with improved residual insulin production. Additionally, reduced levels of sphingolipids, including sulfatides, were negatively associated with residual insulin production.</p> Conclusion <p>In adults, the LPC class, in particular, showed potential as a biomarker for preserved residual insulin production. This contrasts previous observations in children and highlights the importance of age-stratified research to understand the role of the lipidome in type 1 diabetes.</p>

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Lipidomic predictors of residual insulin production in adults with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月17日

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  • Pernille Emilie Hostrup,
  • Karolina Sulek,
  • Flemming Pociot

摘要

Introduction

Alterations in the lipidomic profile have been implicated in the development and disease progression in type 1 diabetes. We have previously demonstrated that the lipidomic profile at the time of diagnosis could predict residual insulin production the following 6 to 12 months, in children.

Objectives

Given the strong influence of age on residual insulin production, we aimed to investigate the association between the lipidomic profile and residual insulin production in adults newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes.

Method

We performed lipidomic profiling of plasma samples from 29 adults newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. Linear regression and backward stepwise multiple regression analyses were used to assess the association between the lipidomic profile and C-peptide levels during a 2 h mixed-meal tolerance test. All data was derived from an original randomised clinical trial with the trial registration number: EudraCT number: 2019-004434-41.

Results

The lysophosphatidylcholines (LPCs) were the strongest predictors of residual insulin production. Higher baseline LPC levels were associated with increased residual insulin production at week 52. Specifically, LPC(20:4/0:0), LPC(0:0/20:4), and LPC(0:0/16:0) were significantly associated with improved residual insulin production. Additionally, reduced levels of sphingolipids, including sulfatides, were negatively associated with residual insulin production.

Conclusion

In adults, the LPC class, in particular, showed potential as a biomarker for preserved residual insulin production. This contrasts previous observations in children and highlights the importance of age-stratified research to understand the role of the lipidome in type 1 diabetes.