Resource-based view and SME internationalization: a systematic literature review of resource optimization for global growth

This systematic literature review analyzes the application of the resource-based view (RBV) framework to the internationalization of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), aiming to synthesize fragmented studies published in the past and provide an up-to-date understanding of the RBV framework in the current context. This review has been conducted using the TCM (Themes, Context, and Methodology) framework, and a rigorous screening procedure produced a final sample of 70 publications that were published in 23 journals between 1994 and 2022. The review revealed that RBV has been extensively applied in the context of SMEs, and five major themes emerged, highlighting the critical role of a firm’s internal resources and capabilities in achieving and sustaining a competitive advantage. Overall, this literature review underscores the relevance of RBV as a framework for SMEs’ internationalization efforts, emphasizing its importance in helping firms manage and leverage their resources for global competitiveness.