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<p>Terahertz (THz) communications are considered a core technology for beyond-5G and 6G networks, offering ultra-wide bandwidths but facing significant challenges due to severe path loss, beam squint, and angular spread sensitivity. This paper proposes a novel wideband hybrid precoding framework for multi-user THz massive MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) systems, where the base station employs a Uniform Planar Array (UPA) to support 3D beamforming. The system model incorporates a THz-specific wideband channel, accounting for frequency-selective fading and molecular absorption. The proposed approach formulates the hybrid precoding problem as a temporal-phase matrix decomposition, supporting multiple implementations including DP-AltMin, TTD (True Time Delay) assisted DPP, and MO-AltMin architectures. Extensive simulations demonstrate that the proposed DP-AltMin precoding achieves a 20.6% improvement in sum spectral efficiency over spatially sparse precoding and a 13.8% gain over TTD-assisted hybrid schemes under an angular spread of <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(5^\circ\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\textrm{SNR} = 10\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>&#xa0;dB. Moreover, the proposed solution effectively mitigates beam squint across 64 subcarriers and scales efficiently with increasing user density. These findings confirm the viability of the proposed precoding methods for scalable, high-capacity THz access networks.</p>

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Delay-Phase Joint Optimization for Wideband Hybrid Precoding Massive MIMO Systems with Angular Spread

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月24日

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  • J. Kavitha,
  • J. Anandpushparaj,
  • P. Jeyakumar

摘要

Terahertz (THz) communications are considered a core technology for beyond-5G and 6G networks, offering ultra-wide bandwidths but facing significant challenges due to severe path loss, beam squint, and angular spread sensitivity. This paper proposes a novel wideband hybrid precoding framework for multi-user THz massive MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) systems, where the base station employs a Uniform Planar Array (UPA) to support 3D beamforming. The system model incorporates a THz-specific wideband channel, accounting for frequency-selective fading and molecular absorption. The proposed approach formulates the hybrid precoding problem as a temporal-phase matrix decomposition, supporting multiple implementations including DP-AltMin, TTD (True Time Delay) assisted DPP, and MO-AltMin architectures. Extensive simulations demonstrate that the proposed DP-AltMin precoding achieves a 20.6% improvement in sum spectral efficiency over spatially sparse precoding and a 13.8% gain over TTD-assisted hybrid schemes under an angular spread of \(5^\circ\) and \(\textrm{SNR} = 10\)  dB. Moreover, the proposed solution effectively mitigates beam squint across 64 subcarriers and scales efficiently with increasing user density. These findings confirm the viability of the proposed precoding methods for scalable, high-capacity THz access networks.