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<p>This paper introduces a new technique aimed at reducing the side lobe level (SLL) in the time-domain waveform of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) pulses. The instantaneous frequency of the SAR pulse is defined as a piecewise linear (PWL) curve, with each segment’s slope representing a control parameter. By optimizing these slopes, the method achieves a reduction in the SLL of the received radar echo at the SAR receiver output. The particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is employed to shape the time-frequency curve, targeting both minimal SLL and the desired pulse compression ratio (PCR). This optimization approach allows the time-frequency curve to be adjusted dynamically, improving performance over conventional non-linear frequency modulation (NLFM), which typically achieves an SLL of -18 dB. Using the proposed technique, the SLL can be reduced to as low as -34 dB, with a corresponding PCR of 50. The PSO algorithm demonstrates high computational efficiency, requiring only a few iterations to converge to the optimal solution. Additionally, a SAR transceiver design is proposed using a software-defined radio (SDR) framework. The optimized SAR pulse compression technique is incorporated into the transmitter for generating the radar pulse and the receiver for implementing the matched filter (MF). This approach highlights the advantages of SDR for enabling flexible, high-performance SAR system designs.</p>

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Optimized Software-Defined Transceiver for High-Resolution Synthetic Aperture Radar

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月5日

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  • Asmaa O. Helmy,
  • Ashraf S. Mohra,
  • Khalid F. A. Hussein,
  • Asmaa E. Farahat

摘要

This paper introduces a new technique aimed at reducing the side lobe level (SLL) in the time-domain waveform of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) pulses. The instantaneous frequency of the SAR pulse is defined as a piecewise linear (PWL) curve, with each segment’s slope representing a control parameter. By optimizing these slopes, the method achieves a reduction in the SLL of the received radar echo at the SAR receiver output. The particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is employed to shape the time-frequency curve, targeting both minimal SLL and the desired pulse compression ratio (PCR). This optimization approach allows the time-frequency curve to be adjusted dynamically, improving performance over conventional non-linear frequency modulation (NLFM), which typically achieves an SLL of -18 dB. Using the proposed technique, the SLL can be reduced to as low as -34 dB, with a corresponding PCR of 50. The PSO algorithm demonstrates high computational efficiency, requiring only a few iterations to converge to the optimal solution. Additionally, a SAR transceiver design is proposed using a software-defined radio (SDR) framework. The optimized SAR pulse compression technique is incorporated into the transmitter for generating the radar pulse and the receiver for implementing the matched filter (MF). This approach highlights the advantages of SDR for enabling flexible, high-performance SAR system designs.