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<p>This paper presents a compact dual-band microstrip antenna with dual circular polarization, designed for autonomous aerial vehicles (AAVs) and low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites operating in the K/Ka-band. The key novelty of this work lies in its departure from conventional dual-band CP antennas, which rely on stacked radiators, metasurfaces, or complex dual-feed networks. Instead, the proposed design achieves dual-band and dual-sense circular polarization using a single patch radiator excited by a single L-probe feed. The innovation is realized through the integration of arrow-shaped and T-shaped stubs that independently control resonant modes: the arrow stubs reconfigure the <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\:{\text{T}\text{M}}_{30}\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>​ mode and align it with the <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\:{\text{T}\text{M}}_{21}\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>​ mode to produce left-hand circular polarization (LHCP) in the Ka-band, while the T-stubs fine-tune the <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\:{\text{T}\text{M}}_{10}\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>​ mode to enable right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) in the K-band. This simple stub-loading technique eliminates the need for multilayer structures and minimizes fabrication complexity, making the antenna compact, low-profile, and cost-effective. A fabricated 2 × 2 array prototype demonstrates dual-band operation at 18.6 and 30.8&#xa0;GHz, achieving impedance bandwidths of 10.9% and 4.75%, axial ratio bandwidths of 3.65% and 2.25%, and realized gains of 9.35 and 10.65 dBic. These results verify the antenna’s suitability for next-generation high-capacity satellite and aerial communication systems.</p>

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A Dual-Band Microstrip Antenna Array with Enhanced Circular Polarization for 6G Systems

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月13日

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  • Amin Al Ka’bi

摘要

This paper presents a compact dual-band microstrip antenna with dual circular polarization, designed for autonomous aerial vehicles (AAVs) and low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites operating in the K/Ka-band. The key novelty of this work lies in its departure from conventional dual-band CP antennas, which rely on stacked radiators, metasurfaces, or complex dual-feed networks. Instead, the proposed design achieves dual-band and dual-sense circular polarization using a single patch radiator excited by a single L-probe feed. The innovation is realized through the integration of arrow-shaped and T-shaped stubs that independently control resonant modes: the arrow stubs reconfigure the \(\:{\text{T}\text{M}}_{30}\) ​ mode and align it with the \(\:{\text{T}\text{M}}_{21}\) ​ mode to produce left-hand circular polarization (LHCP) in the Ka-band, while the T-stubs fine-tune the \(\:{\text{T}\text{M}}_{10}\) ​ mode to enable right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) in the K-band. This simple stub-loading technique eliminates the need for multilayer structures and minimizes fabrication complexity, making the antenna compact, low-profile, and cost-effective. A fabricated 2 × 2 array prototype demonstrates dual-band operation at 18.6 and 30.8 GHz, achieving impedance bandwidths of 10.9% and 4.75%, axial ratio bandwidths of 3.65% and 2.25%, and realized gains of 9.35 and 10.65 dBic. These results verify the antenna’s suitability for next-generation high-capacity satellite and aerial communication systems.