A Conceptual Blockchain-Based Framework for Secure Industrial IoT Remote Monitoring: Proof of Concept

The application of blockchain technology in the realm of the Industrial Internet of Things has garnered significant attention in recent research. One of the critical requirements for Industrial Internet of Things is secure real-time data monitoring. While blockchain presents a robust platform for ensuring secure remote monitoring, it also faces challenges when it comes to real-time data transmission, particularly concerning data packet loss. In this study, we propose a conceptual framework utilizing Hyperledger Fabric blockchain for secure real-time remote monitoring within Industrial Internet of Things applications. To validate this concept, we established a Hyperledger Fabric blockchain network comprising several machines and simulated the monitoring of data packets. Through a series of experiments, we assessed the performance of the Hyperledger Fabric blockchain network regarding secure real-time data monitoring, specifically focusing on data packet loss. In 31 experiments, 18 achieved success with no packet loss, demonstrating effective network functionality. For optimal performance, the time between transaction generation must meet or exceed block generation time to reduce packet loss. Additionally, the sizes of transactions and blocks should align with data packet length, ensuring all sensory data is captured in each transaction. The count of transactions per block varies based on network strategy and monitoring time. Lastly, using robust hardware for network nodes is crucial for enhancing processing speed and storage, ultimately improving network performance. The insights gained from this research can facilitate the practical implementation of blockchain-based real-time industrial data monitoring systems in Industrial Internet of Things environments.