Joint Energy and Spectrum Resource Optimization in 6G Ultra-Dense O-RAN Heterogeneous Network Under Rayleigh Fading

Multiple communication applications such as high-quality video streaming, IoT, cellular vehicle to anything, augmented reality, virtual reality, and low-latency web browsing make the cellular network heterogeneous. To seamlessly support heterogeneous functionality in the upcoming 6G mobile network, the open radio access network (O-RAN) Alliance is being formed. The O-RAN Alliance is a step towards defining a standard interface between systems. It aims to reduce complexity and accelerate the deployment of 6G mobile networks. However, in deploying the 6G mobile network, the efficient sharing of resources among heterogeneous users is challenging. We considered a novel ultra-dense heterogeneous 6G O-RAN-based cellular network architecture and proposed a multi-objective particle swarm optimization at both small cell base stations (SBSs) and macrocell base stations (MBSs) for collaborative resource optimization. Analytical expressions are derived for joint energy and spectrum optimization at SBS and MBS. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme has a noticeable effect on the optimization of the energy consumption of the system in different scenarios and prove that this algorithm has a remarkable convergence.