Investigate and Study the Best Position of Base Station for WMSNs

Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (WMSNs) have been an essential part of our lives, with various applications from disaster assistance to medical services. As a result, the lifetime and energy consumption of WMSNs have become challenging research issues. In the previous decades, a large number of protocols have been established to improve the energy efficiency of WMSNs. One of the proposed solutions is clustering. The cluster head selection criteria, network architecture, and heterogeneity are mostly addressed in these protocols. In this paper, we proposed an Energy-Efficient Multipath Clustering with Load Balancing Routing Protocol for Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (EEMCL). In the proposed protocol, the main cluster heads (MCHs) are preselected in each cluster in the network field with more energy than normal sensor nodes. The selection of two secondary cluster heads (SCHs) by the main cluster heads algorithm is used in which nodes have higher energy will be chosen as SCHs. Moreover, inter-cluster multi-hop routing with the help of MCHs can enhance the network lifetime when the sink is located at the corner of the network area. The MATLAB simulation tool is used to investigate the performance of the proposed protocol EEMCL. The results have been shown that the best position of the base station (BS) is at the center of the network area which can prolong the lifetime of sensor nodes, and random distribution of the sensor nodes gives better performance relating to the residual energy and the nodes still alive than static distribution.