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<p>Underlay networks employing short-packet communication (SPC) and energy scavenging (ES) aim to optimize spectrum utilization, reduce latency, enhance reliability, and improve energy efficiency by integrating cognitive radio with radio frequency-based ES and SPC. However, these networks–referred to as UNwSPCES–are susceptible to harmful eavesdropping caused by radio frequency broadcasting behavior and often experience reliability degradation from primary user interference. To better understand security of various multiple access (MA) paradigms in UNwSPCES, this paper introduces an analytical framework that accounts for practical limitations, including imperfect channel state information, arbitrary fading severity, nonlinear energy scavenging, hardware impairments, and imperfect interference cancellation. Computer simulation confirms the accuracy of the framework and reveals that these real-world limitations significantly degrade the security of traditional MA (orthogonal MA-OMA) and advanced MA (nonorthogonal MA-NOMA). Furthermore, the security can be optimized by appropriately configuring energy scavenging duration and power of primary transmitter. Notably, in the context of UNwSPCES, OMA demonstrates superior security compared to NOMA.</p>

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Multiple access in underlay networks with short-packet communication and energy scavenging under primary interference: security analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月11日

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  • Toi Le-Thanh,
  • Khuong Ho-Van

摘要

Underlay networks employing short-packet communication (SPC) and energy scavenging (ES) aim to optimize spectrum utilization, reduce latency, enhance reliability, and improve energy efficiency by integrating cognitive radio with radio frequency-based ES and SPC. However, these networks–referred to as UNwSPCES–are susceptible to harmful eavesdropping caused by radio frequency broadcasting behavior and often experience reliability degradation from primary user interference. To better understand security of various multiple access (MA) paradigms in UNwSPCES, this paper introduces an analytical framework that accounts for practical limitations, including imperfect channel state information, arbitrary fading severity, nonlinear energy scavenging, hardware impairments, and imperfect interference cancellation. Computer simulation confirms the accuracy of the framework and reveals that these real-world limitations significantly degrade the security of traditional MA (orthogonal MA-OMA) and advanced MA (nonorthogonal MA-NOMA). Furthermore, the security can be optimized by appropriately configuring energy scavenging duration and power of primary transmitter. Notably, in the context of UNwSPCES, OMA demonstrates superior security compared to NOMA.