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<p>In this paper, we investigate and optimize the performance of a Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) system, where a terrestrial base station (TBS) transmits signals to multiple terrestrial users with the assistance of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) relay over Nakagami-<i>m</i> fading channels. The amplify-and-forward (AF) protocol and power splitting (PS)-based EH technique are adopted at the UAV relay to support signal forwarding. A general closed-form expression for the outage probability of each user is derived to evaluate the proposed system’s performance. Moreover, we formulate system’s energy efficiency (EE) and maximize it using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, specifically optimizing the position of the UAV and the power allocation strategy. To demonstrate the superiority of the PSO algorithm in solving energy-efficient optimization problems, we have performed a comprehensive comparative analysis with two popular reference methods, i.e., the genetic algorithm (GA) and the exhaustive search (ES) method. Finally, the simulation results were analyzed to clarify the influence of key system parameters on both OP and EE metrics, including power allocation levels, Nakagami-<i>m</i> fading shape parameters, EH efficiency coefficient, and the UAV-TBS distance. These simulation results indicate the superiority of our proposed NOMA system over conventional OMA system in terms of both EE and OP and provide a comparative analysis of the optimization algorithms.</p>

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Power splitting-based SWIPT in UAV-aided NOMA systems over Nakagami-m fading: performance analysis and optimization

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月26日

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  • Anh Le Thi,
  • Sang Nguyen Quang,
  • Tuan Van Phu

摘要

In this paper, we investigate and optimize the performance of a Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) system, where a terrestrial base station (TBS) transmits signals to multiple terrestrial users with the assistance of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) relay over Nakagami-m fading channels. The amplify-and-forward (AF) protocol and power splitting (PS)-based EH technique are adopted at the UAV relay to support signal forwarding. A general closed-form expression for the outage probability of each user is derived to evaluate the proposed system’s performance. Moreover, we formulate system’s energy efficiency (EE) and maximize it using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, specifically optimizing the position of the UAV and the power allocation strategy. To demonstrate the superiority of the PSO algorithm in solving energy-efficient optimization problems, we have performed a comprehensive comparative analysis with two popular reference methods, i.e., the genetic algorithm (GA) and the exhaustive search (ES) method. Finally, the simulation results were analyzed to clarify the influence of key system parameters on both OP and EE metrics, including power allocation levels, Nakagami-m fading shape parameters, EH efficiency coefficient, and the UAV-TBS distance. These simulation results indicate the superiority of our proposed NOMA system over conventional OMA system in terms of both EE and OP and provide a comparative analysis of the optimization algorithms.