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<p>The advancements in self-interference cancellation and suppression methods for wireless communication have greatly improved the practicality of full-duplex (FD) transmission capabilities. These capabilities offer significant benefits for routing with multiple hops in wireless communication scenarios, as they enhance the end-to-end spectral efficiency in comparison to half-duplex (HD) transmission. Consequently, there has been a growing interest in finding the most efficient path with the highest spectral efficiency in multi-hop wireless communication scenarios. It has been demonstrated that the issue can be solved polynomially in networks equipped with FD interference-limited systems. In this study, we propose SSARO-SE, a Swarm-based routing optimization algorithm called Sparrow Search Algorithm-based Routing Optimization for maximizing the end-to-end Spectral Efficiency in wireless communication systems. Initially, we create an optimization issue attempting to maximize the end-to-end spectral efficiency of FD forwarding on a known route, taking into account the complete interference model. Then we employ a Swarm-based optimization algorithm to identify the routing path that achieves the highest end-to-end spectral efficiency. Swarm-based methods, such as the Sparrow Search Algorithm, are well-suited for solving NP-hard problems and have proven to be effective meta-heuristic techniques for near-optimal solutions. SSA, in particular, offers a balanced exploration–exploitation strategy, fast convergence speed, high-quality solutions, and low sensitivity to parameter tuning–making it highly suitable for interference-constrained wireless environments. Simulation results show that SSARO-SE outperforms Mod-Dijkstra by 75.31% and Pruned-HC by 1.53% at varying network sizes. At an SNR of 70 dB, SSARO-SE achieves 23.71% and 0.18% improvement in spectral efficiency over Mod-Dijkstra and Pruned-HC, respectively. Additionally, under varying SI cancellation factors, SSARO-SE surpasses Mod-Dijkstra by 851.96% and Pruned-HC by 9.63%, demonstrating its effectiveness and robustness across a wide range of wireless network conditions.</p>

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SSARO-SE: sparrow search algorithm-based routing optimization for maximizing end-to-end spectral efficiency in wireless networks

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月10日

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  • Dilna Vijayan,
  • Mohamed Saad,
  • Ahmed M. Khedr

摘要

The advancements in self-interference cancellation and suppression methods for wireless communication have greatly improved the practicality of full-duplex (FD) transmission capabilities. These capabilities offer significant benefits for routing with multiple hops in wireless communication scenarios, as they enhance the end-to-end spectral efficiency in comparison to half-duplex (HD) transmission. Consequently, there has been a growing interest in finding the most efficient path with the highest spectral efficiency in multi-hop wireless communication scenarios. It has been demonstrated that the issue can be solved polynomially in networks equipped with FD interference-limited systems. In this study, we propose SSARO-SE, a Swarm-based routing optimization algorithm called Sparrow Search Algorithm-based Routing Optimization for maximizing the end-to-end Spectral Efficiency in wireless communication systems. Initially, we create an optimization issue attempting to maximize the end-to-end spectral efficiency of FD forwarding on a known route, taking into account the complete interference model. Then we employ a Swarm-based optimization algorithm to identify the routing path that achieves the highest end-to-end spectral efficiency. Swarm-based methods, such as the Sparrow Search Algorithm, are well-suited for solving NP-hard problems and have proven to be effective meta-heuristic techniques for near-optimal solutions. SSA, in particular, offers a balanced exploration–exploitation strategy, fast convergence speed, high-quality solutions, and low sensitivity to parameter tuning–making it highly suitable for interference-constrained wireless environments. Simulation results show that SSARO-SE outperforms Mod-Dijkstra by 75.31% and Pruned-HC by 1.53% at varying network sizes. At an SNR of 70 dB, SSARO-SE achieves 23.71% and 0.18% improvement in spectral efficiency over Mod-Dijkstra and Pruned-HC, respectively. Additionally, under varying SI cancellation factors, SSARO-SE surpasses Mod-Dijkstra by 851.96% and Pruned-HC by 9.63%, demonstrating its effectiveness and robustness across a wide range of wireless network conditions.