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<p>The IEEE 802.15.4 standard is widely used in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) for its low data rate and energy efficiency. This paper presents two novel analytical models based on three-dimensional Markov chains to evaluate and compare the performance of the IEEE 802.15.4 Slotted ALOHA (S-aloha) and Slotted CSMA/CA (S-CSMA) MAC protocols under saturated traffic and ideal channel conditions. Key performance metrics, including reliability, throughput, energy consumption, and average delay, are derived and analyzed. The results demonstrate that S-CSMA achieves higher reliability and lower energy consumption than S-aloha, especially in large networks, while S-aloha offers competitive throughput in smaller-scale scenarios. The proposed models provide a solid foundation for developing optimization techniques to improve network efficiency and scalability in WSNs and IoT applications.</p>

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IEEE 802.15.4 MAC protocols designed for wireless sensor networks: a comparative study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月24日

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  • Lynda Alkama,
  • Louiza Bouallouche-Medjkoune

摘要

The IEEE 802.15.4 standard is widely used in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) for its low data rate and energy efficiency. This paper presents two novel analytical models based on three-dimensional Markov chains to evaluate and compare the performance of the IEEE 802.15.4 Slotted ALOHA (S-aloha) and Slotted CSMA/CA (S-CSMA) MAC protocols under saturated traffic and ideal channel conditions. Key performance metrics, including reliability, throughput, energy consumption, and average delay, are derived and analyzed. The results demonstrate that S-CSMA achieves higher reliability and lower energy consumption than S-aloha, especially in large networks, while S-aloha offers competitive throughput in smaller-scale scenarios. The proposed models provide a solid foundation for developing optimization techniques to improve network efficiency and scalability in WSNs and IoT applications.