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<p>The development of 6G wireless networks brings very important challenges in choosing frequency bands on a highly diverse spectrum of communication technologies, especially those with various weather conditions. This paper presents a real-time dynamic mathematical model called the heuristic intelligent optimal controller, HIOC, which has been designed to choose optimally the frequency bands in real time over Sub-6&#xa0;GHz, cmWave, mmWave, THz, and Optical Wireless bands in both Line-of-Sight, LOS, and Non-Line-of-Sight, NLOS, environments. Extensive simulation results were presented to show that Sub-6&#xa0;GHz is stable for any kind of weather and, therefore, can be considered more reliable in harsh conditions with rain, fog, and dust. In contrast, higher frequency waves such as mmWave and THz are superior in clear condition performance but led to severe BER degradation under bad weather conditions, especially for the case of NLOS. It points out that the good performance of Optical Wireless is restricted to only LOS and clear weather conditions, while it is not suitable for NLOS or other bad environmental conditions. The proposed HIOC model dynamically adapts to fluctuating environmental and network conditions for the optimal data transmission rate, minimum errors, latency, and energy use. The key findings allow for scalable, efficient, and resilient communication for 6G heterogeneous networks in a wide range of environmental conditions.</p>

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Heuristic intelligent optimal controller for adaptive frequency band selection in 6G optical-RF heterogeneous networks

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月24日

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  • Mohammed Ahmed AbdulNabi,
  • Bashar J. Hamza,
  • Ahmad Taha Abdulsadda

摘要

The development of 6G wireless networks brings very important challenges in choosing frequency bands on a highly diverse spectrum of communication technologies, especially those with various weather conditions. This paper presents a real-time dynamic mathematical model called the heuristic intelligent optimal controller, HIOC, which has been designed to choose optimally the frequency bands in real time over Sub-6 GHz, cmWave, mmWave, THz, and Optical Wireless bands in both Line-of-Sight, LOS, and Non-Line-of-Sight, NLOS, environments. Extensive simulation results were presented to show that Sub-6 GHz is stable for any kind of weather and, therefore, can be considered more reliable in harsh conditions with rain, fog, and dust. In contrast, higher frequency waves such as mmWave and THz are superior in clear condition performance but led to severe BER degradation under bad weather conditions, especially for the case of NLOS. It points out that the good performance of Optical Wireless is restricted to only LOS and clear weather conditions, while it is not suitable for NLOS or other bad environmental conditions. The proposed HIOC model dynamically adapts to fluctuating environmental and network conditions for the optimal data transmission rate, minimum errors, latency, and energy use. The key findings allow for scalable, efficient, and resilient communication for 6G heterogeneous networks in a wide range of environmental conditions.