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<p>Tomato is severely affected by <i>Fusarium</i> wilt, yet the dynamics of root-associated microbial communities linked to disease across growth stages remain unclear. This study used 16S rDNA and ITS amplicon sequencing to compare the trends in prokaryotic and fungal communities in rhizosphere of healthy and diseased tomato plants at the young and peak fruiting stages. At the young fruiting stage, healthy samples showed higher prokaryotic diversity than diseased ones, but this advantage diminished by the peak fruiting stage; in contrast, fungal diversity remained consistently higher in healthy samples across both stages. LEfSe analysis indicated that the biomarkers in prokaryotic and fungal communities vary between growth stages in healthy samples, whereas diseased samples exhibit a degree of consistency in fungal biomarkers—particularly the pathogens <i>Plectosphaerella</i>, <i>Neocosmospora</i> and <i>Fusarium</i>. Co-occurrence networks revealed that these three pathogens have lower abundance and strong positive correlations during the young fruiting stage, but as their abundance increases at the peak fruiting stage, the positive correlation lost, suggesting altered interactions during disease advancement. These findings uncover growth stage-dependent shifts in rhizosphere microbiome structure and pathogen dynamics during <i>Fusarium</i> wilt development, offering novel insights for designing stage-specific, precision-based disease management strategies in tomato cultivation systems.</p>

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Comparative analysis of prokaryotic and fungal communities dynamics in Fusarium wilt-infected and healthy tomato rhizospheres at different growth stages

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月3日

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  • Aining Guo,
  • Chenfang Wang,
  • Yunyun Chen,
  • Wei Zhang,
  • Jiye Yan,
  • Xuncheng Wang

摘要

Tomato is severely affected by Fusarium wilt, yet the dynamics of root-associated microbial communities linked to disease across growth stages remain unclear. This study used 16S rDNA and ITS amplicon sequencing to compare the trends in prokaryotic and fungal communities in rhizosphere of healthy and diseased tomato plants at the young and peak fruiting stages. At the young fruiting stage, healthy samples showed higher prokaryotic diversity than diseased ones, but this advantage diminished by the peak fruiting stage; in contrast, fungal diversity remained consistently higher in healthy samples across both stages. LEfSe analysis indicated that the biomarkers in prokaryotic and fungal communities vary between growth stages in healthy samples, whereas diseased samples exhibit a degree of consistency in fungal biomarkers—particularly the pathogens Plectosphaerella, Neocosmospora and Fusarium. Co-occurrence networks revealed that these three pathogens have lower abundance and strong positive correlations during the young fruiting stage, but as their abundance increases at the peak fruiting stage, the positive correlation lost, suggesting altered interactions during disease advancement. These findings uncover growth stage-dependent shifts in rhizosphere microbiome structure and pathogen dynamics during Fusarium wilt development, offering novel insights for designing stage-specific, precision-based disease management strategies in tomato cultivation systems.