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<p>With global warming, the aquaculture industry faces many challenges, especially temperature stress, as rising and fluctuating temperatures disrupt aquatic organisms’ metabolism, threatening the industry’s sustainability. The utilization of probiotics offers a viable solution for dealing with these concerns. This study aimed to explore and evaluate a newly discovered <i>Lactococcus</i> strain as a potential candidate for probiotic application to mitigate the adverse effects of high temperature. Our results showed that the strain of <i>L. lactis</i> L103, displayed promising probiotic attributes. Specifically, it augmented both the weight gain rate and the specific growth rate of <i>Alosa sapidissima</i>. Additionally, a restructuring took place in the intestinal microbial makeup. The relative proportion of beneficial bacteria like <i>Lactococcus</i> and <i>Bacillus</i> increased, while that of the pathogenic <i>Vibrio</i> decreased. The findings from the correlation analysis of environmental elements indicated that TP exerted the most significant influence on the water microbial community. TN was positively correlated with the potentially dominant intestinal bacteria <i>Lactococcus</i>. By modifying the levels of TP and <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\:{\text{N}\text{O}}_{2}^{-}\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-N in water, dietary probiotics were able to exert a particular influence on the microbial community structures both in the aquatic environment and within the intestines of American shad. In conclusion, <i>L. lactis</i> L103 exhibits excellent probiotic potential for juvenile <i>A. sapidissima</i> aquaculture under high-temperature conditions. It promoted fish growth, optimized intestinal microbiota, and regulated the aquatic microbial environment by influencing key nutrient factors (TP, TN). This study provided direct experimental evidence for applying <i>L. lactis</i> L103 as a targeted probiotic to mitigate high-temperature stress in <i>A. sapidissima</i> farming, while offering a practical microbial regulation strategy to enhance the sustainability of this aquaculture sector amid global warming.</p>

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Effects of dietary Lactococcus lactis supplementation on growth performance, intestinal and water microbiota of juvenile American Shad (Alosa sapidissima) under high temperature

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月23日

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  • Chuwen Qiu,
  • Pingping Deng,
  • Yonghai Shi

摘要

With global warming, the aquaculture industry faces many challenges, especially temperature stress, as rising and fluctuating temperatures disrupt aquatic organisms’ metabolism, threatening the industry’s sustainability. The utilization of probiotics offers a viable solution for dealing with these concerns. This study aimed to explore and evaluate a newly discovered Lactococcus strain as a potential candidate for probiotic application to mitigate the adverse effects of high temperature. Our results showed that the strain of L. lactis L103, displayed promising probiotic attributes. Specifically, it augmented both the weight gain rate and the specific growth rate of Alosa sapidissima. Additionally, a restructuring took place in the intestinal microbial makeup. The relative proportion of beneficial bacteria like Lactococcus and Bacillus increased, while that of the pathogenic Vibrio decreased. The findings from the correlation analysis of environmental elements indicated that TP exerted the most significant influence on the water microbial community. TN was positively correlated with the potentially dominant intestinal bacteria Lactococcus. By modifying the levels of TP and \(\:{\text{N}\text{O}}_{2}^{-}\) -N in water, dietary probiotics were able to exert a particular influence on the microbial community structures both in the aquatic environment and within the intestines of American shad. In conclusion, L. lactis L103 exhibits excellent probiotic potential for juvenile A. sapidissima aquaculture under high-temperature conditions. It promoted fish growth, optimized intestinal microbiota, and regulated the aquatic microbial environment by influencing key nutrient factors (TP, TN). This study provided direct experimental evidence for applying L. lactis L103 as a targeted probiotic to mitigate high-temperature stress in A. sapidissima farming, while offering a practical microbial regulation strategy to enhance the sustainability of this aquaculture sector amid global warming.