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<p>Bird species are very sensitive to environmental changes and are good indicators of ecosystem health. Avian species distribution depends on habitat configuration and environmental factors. To understand the winter visitor bird distribution and consequences of environmental variables on waterbird species, a study was conducted during summer and winter seasons (January 2023 to December 2024) in the selective wetlands of the western Himalayas foothills in Uttarakhand. The point count method and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) were used for the waterbird survey and association with dissolved oxygen, water pH, and temperature respectively. Total forty eight waterbird species including twenty two winter visitors were reported among the study sites and the significantly (<i>df</i> = <i>2, p</i> &lt; <i>0.04)</i> high abundance of waterbird species were analysed at protective wetland site. The waterbird diversity significant negative relationship with atmospheric temperature (r =  − 0.65, <i>p</i> = 0.004; r =  − 0.81, <i>p</i> = 0.006; and r =  − 0.82, <i>p</i> = 0.004) in all the wetlands. Among the environmental variables, temperature was one of the major influencing factors recorded in the study sites. The present study provides a baseline assessment of waterbird species distribution and relationship with the habitat variables among the wetlands and suggests a regular interval monitoring of temperature fluctuations around the wetlands in the foothills of the Western Himalayas must be prioritise.</p>

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Waterbird composition and their association with environmental factors at the selected wetlands of the foothills of the western Himalayas, in Uttarakhand, India

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月6日

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  • Kamal Kant Joshi,
  • Ashutosh Singh

摘要

Bird species are very sensitive to environmental changes and are good indicators of ecosystem health. Avian species distribution depends on habitat configuration and environmental factors. To understand the winter visitor bird distribution and consequences of environmental variables on waterbird species, a study was conducted during summer and winter seasons (January 2023 to December 2024) in the selective wetlands of the western Himalayas foothills in Uttarakhand. The point count method and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) were used for the waterbird survey and association with dissolved oxygen, water pH, and temperature respectively. Total forty eight waterbird species including twenty two winter visitors were reported among the study sites and the significantly (df = 2, p < 0.04) high abundance of waterbird species were analysed at protective wetland site. The waterbird diversity significant negative relationship with atmospheric temperature (r =  − 0.65, p = 0.004; r =  − 0.81, p = 0.006; and r =  − 0.82, p = 0.004) in all the wetlands. Among the environmental variables, temperature was one of the major influencing factors recorded in the study sites. The present study provides a baseline assessment of waterbird species distribution and relationship with the habitat variables among the wetlands and suggests a regular interval monitoring of temperature fluctuations around the wetlands in the foothills of the Western Himalayas must be prioritise.