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<p>Biochar adsorption is a low-cost and effective technology for controlling perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) pollution in aqueous environments. However, the limited specific surface area, low surface positive charge density, and single adsorption mechanism of pristine biochar restrict its PFOA removal efficiency in actual water bodies. In this study, moso bamboo was used as the raw material to prepare a quaternary ammonium functionalized biochar (DBBC) via a coupled strategy of KOH activation and diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (DDA) grafting modification. Structural characterization confirmed that DBBC possessed a high specific surface area of 1067.68 m2/g with a well-developed mesoporous structure (2.0–3.0&#xa0;nm); the successful introduction of quaternary ammonium groups adjusted its isoelectric point (pHpzc) to 8.0, broadening the pH window for efficient PFOA adsorption. Adsorption experiments showed that DBBC achieved a maximum Langmuir adsorption capacity of 123.44 mg/g for PFOA at 35℃, with a 20%–40% shorter adsorption equilibrium time compared with unmodified biochar. The adsorption process fitted well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm model, and thermodynamic analysis confirmed the spontaneous and endothermic nature of the adsorption. The high-efficiency PFOA removal by DBBC was driven by the synergistic effect of electrostatic attraction, hydrophobic interaction, pore confinement, and hydrogen bonding. DBBC maintained 89.70% PFOA removal efficiency after five adsorption–desorption cycles, and exhibited excellent anti-interference ability against coexisting ions and natural organic matter in actual water bodies. This study provides a facile and cost-effective strategy for the fabrication of high-performance biochar adsorbents for PFOA remediation.</p>

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Study on Adsorption Performance and Mechanism of Diallyl Dimethyl Ammonium Chloride -Modified Moso Bamboo Biochar for Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月18日

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  • Erming Ouyang,
  • Yuhanxiao Xia,
  • Wanyuan He,
  • Heyan Gong,
  • Hongwei Yang

摘要

Biochar adsorption is a low-cost and effective technology for controlling perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) pollution in aqueous environments. However, the limited specific surface area, low surface positive charge density, and single adsorption mechanism of pristine biochar restrict its PFOA removal efficiency in actual water bodies. In this study, moso bamboo was used as the raw material to prepare a quaternary ammonium functionalized biochar (DBBC) via a coupled strategy of KOH activation and diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (DDA) grafting modification. Structural characterization confirmed that DBBC possessed a high specific surface area of 1067.68 m2/g with a well-developed mesoporous structure (2.0–3.0 nm); the successful introduction of quaternary ammonium groups adjusted its isoelectric point (pHpzc) to 8.0, broadening the pH window for efficient PFOA adsorption. Adsorption experiments showed that DBBC achieved a maximum Langmuir adsorption capacity of 123.44 mg/g for PFOA at 35℃, with a 20%–40% shorter adsorption equilibrium time compared with unmodified biochar. The adsorption process fitted well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm model, and thermodynamic analysis confirmed the spontaneous and endothermic nature of the adsorption. The high-efficiency PFOA removal by DBBC was driven by the synergistic effect of electrostatic attraction, hydrophobic interaction, pore confinement, and hydrogen bonding. DBBC maintained 89.70% PFOA removal efficiency after five adsorption–desorption cycles, and exhibited excellent anti-interference ability against coexisting ions and natural organic matter in actual water bodies. This study provides a facile and cost-effective strategy for the fabrication of high-performance biochar adsorbents for PFOA remediation.