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<p>The development of durable and sustainable polymeric adsorbents with controllable surface functionality remains an important objective in wastewater treatment. In this study, a tannic-acid-functionalized epoxy sorbent (TA–EP) is prepared through a solvent-assisted blending and curing approach that enables stable incorporation of bio-derived polyphenolic functionalities within a crosslinked epoxy network. Physicochemical characterization confirms the formation of an amorphous polymeric matrix containing aromatic and oxygen-containing functional groups with mesoporous textural features that provide accessible adsorption sites. The adsorption performance of TA–EP toward methylene blue (MB) is systematically evaluated as a function of solution pH, contact time, sorbent dosage, temperature, and initial dye concentration. TA–EP exhibits pronounced pH-dependent adsorption, achieving up to ~ 95% MB removal under near-neutral conditions. Kinetic analysis shows that adsorption follows a pseudo-second-order model, indicating adsorption rates governed by the availability of surface interaction sites. Equilibrium data are well described by Langmuir and Sips isotherm models, with a maximum adsorption capacity of ~ 8.0 mg g⁻<sup>1</sup>. Thermodynamic analysis indicates that the adsorption process is spontaneous and exothermic. Regeneration experiments demonstrate efficient desorption (&gt; 95%) using mild organic eluents, while tests using real wastewater confirm effective removal of color-causing species under multicomponent conditions. These findings demonstrate that tannic-acid-functionalized epoxy networks represent robust polymeric sorbents for dye-contaminated wastewater treatment.</p>

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Tannic-Acid-Functionalized Epoxy Networks as Durable Polymeric Adsorbents for Methylene Blue Removal

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月30日

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  • Walid M. Youssef,
  • Magd M. Badr,
  • Ahmed M. Masoud,
  • Adel A. El-Zahhar,
  • Majed M. Alghamdi,
  • Mohamed H. Taha

摘要

The development of durable and sustainable polymeric adsorbents with controllable surface functionality remains an important objective in wastewater treatment. In this study, a tannic-acid-functionalized epoxy sorbent (TA–EP) is prepared through a solvent-assisted blending and curing approach that enables stable incorporation of bio-derived polyphenolic functionalities within a crosslinked epoxy network. Physicochemical characterization confirms the formation of an amorphous polymeric matrix containing aromatic and oxygen-containing functional groups with mesoporous textural features that provide accessible adsorption sites. The adsorption performance of TA–EP toward methylene blue (MB) is systematically evaluated as a function of solution pH, contact time, sorbent dosage, temperature, and initial dye concentration. TA–EP exhibits pronounced pH-dependent adsorption, achieving up to ~ 95% MB removal under near-neutral conditions. Kinetic analysis shows that adsorption follows a pseudo-second-order model, indicating adsorption rates governed by the availability of surface interaction sites. Equilibrium data are well described by Langmuir and Sips isotherm models, with a maximum adsorption capacity of ~ 8.0 mg g⁻1. Thermodynamic analysis indicates that the adsorption process is spontaneous and exothermic. Regeneration experiments demonstrate efficient desorption (> 95%) using mild organic eluents, while tests using real wastewater confirm effective removal of color-causing species under multicomponent conditions. These findings demonstrate that tannic-acid-functionalized epoxy networks represent robust polymeric sorbents for dye-contaminated wastewater treatment.