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<p>In this study, surface water samples were collected simultaneously from seven different sampling sites over a 12-month period in Bursa, Türkiye, and analyzed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) to determine their levels, dissolved/particulate phase distributions, and potential pollutant sources. Throughout the sampling period, the concentrations of 16 PAHs (∑<sub>16</sub>PAHs) and 41 PCBs (∑<sub>41</sub>PCBs) in the dissolved and particulate phases were found to be 365.3 ± 302.3&#xa0;µg/L (average ± SD) and 116.7 ± 92.0&#xa0;µg/L, and 53.8 ± 54.7&#xa0;ng/L and 92.8 ± 59.3&#xa0;ng/L, respectively. For both pollutant groups, the lowest concentrations were measured at background and semi-urban sampling sites, while the highest ones were observed in industrial and agricultural areas. Regression analysis was performed to examine the correlation between logK<sub>D</sub> and logK<sub>OW</sub> for 16 PAHs and 7 indicator PCBs congeners. Weak correlations were observed for both chemical groups, indicating that logK<sub>OW</sub> alone may not accurately predict partitioning behaviors. Phase distributions are likely influenced by other factors such as organic fraction of particle matter, water temperatures, surface flow rates and physical and chemical properties. Ring distributions and molecular diagnostic ratios (MDRs) were employed to determine the source of PAHs, while homolog group distributions were utilized to identify the sources of PCBs for both dissolved and particulate phases. According to these analyses, the primary sources of PAHs were pyrogenic, coal and biomass combustion and traffic emissions, whereas industrial and agricultural activities were identified as the main sources of PCBs for both phases.</p>

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Concentration, Dissolved-Particulate Phase Distribution and Source Identification of Semi-Volatile Organic Compounds (SVOCs) in Surface Water

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月8日

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  • Mehmet Ferhat Sari,
  • Fatma Esen,
  • Banu Cetin

摘要

In this study, surface water samples were collected simultaneously from seven different sampling sites over a 12-month period in Bursa, Türkiye, and analyzed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) to determine their levels, dissolved/particulate phase distributions, and potential pollutant sources. Throughout the sampling period, the concentrations of 16 PAHs (∑16PAHs) and 41 PCBs (∑41PCBs) in the dissolved and particulate phases were found to be 365.3 ± 302.3 µg/L (average ± SD) and 116.7 ± 92.0 µg/L, and 53.8 ± 54.7 ng/L and 92.8 ± 59.3 ng/L, respectively. For both pollutant groups, the lowest concentrations were measured at background and semi-urban sampling sites, while the highest ones were observed in industrial and agricultural areas. Regression analysis was performed to examine the correlation between logKD and logKOW for 16 PAHs and 7 indicator PCBs congeners. Weak correlations were observed for both chemical groups, indicating that logKOW alone may not accurately predict partitioning behaviors. Phase distributions are likely influenced by other factors such as organic fraction of particle matter, water temperatures, surface flow rates and physical and chemical properties. Ring distributions and molecular diagnostic ratios (MDRs) were employed to determine the source of PAHs, while homolog group distributions were utilized to identify the sources of PCBs for both dissolved and particulate phases. According to these analyses, the primary sources of PAHs were pyrogenic, coal and biomass combustion and traffic emissions, whereas industrial and agricultural activities were identified as the main sources of PCBs for both phases.