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<p>Traditional electrokinetic (EK) remediation technology faces limitations when applied to Cd-contaminated farmland soil, including inadequate Cd migration, Cd accumulation near the cathode, and the need for complex wastewater treatment. To address these challenges, this study developed a rapid reduction remediation technology–termed “chemical activation-electrokinetic migration-adsorption removal” (AEAR)–for efficient Cd removal. The addition of citric acid as an activator significantly increased the electric current, raised Cd concentration in soil pore water, and enhanced Cd migration in soil. Employing a hydrogen-type cation exchange resin as an adsorbent at the cathode effectively captured migrating Cd ions, alleviated soil alkalization, and reduced Cd accumulation near the cathode, outperforming sodium-type resin. Under a voltage gradient of 1.5&#xa0;V/cm, the AEAR technology achieved a total Cd removal efficiency of 93.7% within 7&#xa0;days, significantly surpassing other treatments. BCR sequential extraction revealed marked reductions in the weakly acid-extractable, reducible, and oxidizable Cd fractions. After amendment with 2% CaO, the remediated soil exhibited significantly higher CEC, available phosphorus content, and germination index compared to the original soil, indicating its suitability for subsequent agricultural use. This study provided a promising and sustainable approach for the rapid reduction remediation of heavy metal-contaminated agricultural soils.</p>

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Efficient Reduction Remediation in Cd-Contaminated Farmland Soil Using a Synergistic Electrokinetic, Chemical Activation, And Adsorption Approach

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月22日

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  • Chenfeng Wang,
  • Sheng Liu,
  • Sheng Gao,
  • Li Peng,
  • Xintong Han,
  • Long Cang,
  • Genmei Wang

摘要

Traditional electrokinetic (EK) remediation technology faces limitations when applied to Cd-contaminated farmland soil, including inadequate Cd migration, Cd accumulation near the cathode, and the need for complex wastewater treatment. To address these challenges, this study developed a rapid reduction remediation technology–termed “chemical activation-electrokinetic migration-adsorption removal” (AEAR)–for efficient Cd removal. The addition of citric acid as an activator significantly increased the electric current, raised Cd concentration in soil pore water, and enhanced Cd migration in soil. Employing a hydrogen-type cation exchange resin as an adsorbent at the cathode effectively captured migrating Cd ions, alleviated soil alkalization, and reduced Cd accumulation near the cathode, outperforming sodium-type resin. Under a voltage gradient of 1.5 V/cm, the AEAR technology achieved a total Cd removal efficiency of 93.7% within 7 days, significantly surpassing other treatments. BCR sequential extraction revealed marked reductions in the weakly acid-extractable, reducible, and oxidizable Cd fractions. After amendment with 2% CaO, the remediated soil exhibited significantly higher CEC, available phosphorus content, and germination index compared to the original soil, indicating its suitability for subsequent agricultural use. This study provided a promising and sustainable approach for the rapid reduction remediation of heavy metal-contaminated agricultural soils.