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<p>Freshwater ecosystems play an important role in transporting microplastic pollution from terrestrial environments to the seas. This study investigates the seasonal and anthropogenic effects of microplastic pollution in Susurluk sub-basin of Bursa province with considering the pollution risk assessment using indices. Microplastics (MPs) were sampled seasonally from 11 points clustered across three subsampling locations: Nilüfer Stream, Kocacay Stream, and Lake Uluabat. The highest microplastic densities were recorded at Nilüfer Stream, which passes through the industrial zone of Bursa, with values reaching 4000 MPs/m<sup>3</sup>, 6660.35 MPs/m<sup>3</sup>, and 2472.50 MPs/m<sup>3</sup>. In contrast, the lowest densities were observed in areas with regular urbanization. Microplastic concentrations were highest in winter and lowest in summer. Fibers were the most abundant microplastic type, with sizes ranging between 0.11&#xa0;mm and 5&#xa0;mm. The predominant polymers identified were polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and polystyrene (PS), followed by polyurethane (PUR) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC). The Pollution Load Index (PLI) exceeded 1 only in locations with high anthropogenic influence, such as Nilüfer Stream, particularly during winter. Although microplastic abundance is a critical indicator of pollution, the presence of high-risk polymer types, including PUR, PAN, and PVC, significantly influenced the Hazard Index (H) across the locations. Overall, the Pollution Risk Index (PRI) was highest in this region, indicating a significant risk of microplastic pollution for the marine ecosystem. This is particularly concerning given the strong hydrological connection between the sampling locations and the Marmara Sea, which serves as a critical link between the Black Sea and the Aegean Sea.</p>

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Spatio-Temporal Distribution and Risk Assessment of Microplastic Pollution in a River Catchment: Susurluk Sub-Basin, Türkiye

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月23日

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  • Ali Serhan Çağan,
  • Gökben Başaran Kankılıç,
  • Tamer Çırak,
  • Kerem Gökdağ,
  • Erhan Şener,
  • Ülkü Nihan Tavşanoğlu

摘要

Freshwater ecosystems play an important role in transporting microplastic pollution from terrestrial environments to the seas. This study investigates the seasonal and anthropogenic effects of microplastic pollution in Susurluk sub-basin of Bursa province with considering the pollution risk assessment using indices. Microplastics (MPs) were sampled seasonally from 11 points clustered across three subsampling locations: Nilüfer Stream, Kocacay Stream, and Lake Uluabat. The highest microplastic densities were recorded at Nilüfer Stream, which passes through the industrial zone of Bursa, with values reaching 4000 MPs/m3, 6660.35 MPs/m3, and 2472.50 MPs/m3. In contrast, the lowest densities were observed in areas with regular urbanization. Microplastic concentrations were highest in winter and lowest in summer. Fibers were the most abundant microplastic type, with sizes ranging between 0.11 mm and 5 mm. The predominant polymers identified were polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and polystyrene (PS), followed by polyurethane (PUR) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC). The Pollution Load Index (PLI) exceeded 1 only in locations with high anthropogenic influence, such as Nilüfer Stream, particularly during winter. Although microplastic abundance is a critical indicator of pollution, the presence of high-risk polymer types, including PUR, PAN, and PVC, significantly influenced the Hazard Index (H) across the locations. Overall, the Pollution Risk Index (PRI) was highest in this region, indicating a significant risk of microplastic pollution for the marine ecosystem. This is particularly concerning given the strong hydrological connection between the sampling locations and the Marmara Sea, which serves as a critical link between the Black Sea and the Aegean Sea.