<p>Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing global health concern under the One Health framework, affecting agriculture, the food chain, and human health. However, the contribution of irrigation water and routine farm practices to the spread of AMR remains insufficiently explored. This study conducted a scoping review to map AMR emergence across high-, middle-, and low-income countries, with a particular focus on agricultural practices that report AMR patterns. This review categorizes AMR genes based on their environmental sources, such as irrigation water, livestock faecal slurries, and human waste, highlighting the pathways that drive the AMR emergence in agricultural lands. Most available studies have focused on detecting antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs) either alone (78.13%) or in combination with antibiotic-resistant bacteria (67.19%), and only a small proportion (18.75%) analyzed antibiotic residues. Across countries, tetracyclines emerged as the most frequently detected antibiotic class, particularly in high-income regions like the United States and Canada. In these high-income settings, the most commonly observed ARGs were also tetracycline-related (1.86 × 10¹⁰–8.9 × 10¹⁰ copies/g), predominantly originating from livestock and manure sources. Moreover, middle-income countries showed higher occurrences of macrolide-associated ARGs (9 × 10⁷–2.53 × 10⁸ copies/g), with wastewater treatment plants being the major contributors. Although farming systems vary substantially between high- and middle-income regions, their influence on AMR emergence is significant. These findings suggest that a country’s economic context plays a critical role in shaping the pathways and prevalence of AMR associated with specific farming practices across different geographical regions.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>