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<p>High-density polyethylene (HDPE) is accumulating in the environment at alarming rates, posing serious risks to ecosystems and human health. This study first evaluated the phytotoxic effects of HDPE on <i>Vigna radiata</i> (L) over 25&#xa0;days in agricultural and municipal soils, assessing growth parameters, pigment content, and phytochemical profiles, while GC–MS analysis detected potential toxic compounds in soils exposed to HDPE. To mitigate these effects, HDPE sheets were subjected to photocatalytic degradation using cerium oxide–doped copper oxide (CeO₂-CuO) nanoparticles synthesized via an HDPE-degrading bacterial strain. Under UV irradiation for 80&#xa0;h, photocatalysis reduced HDPE weight by 51 ± 1.53%, producing surface cracks and chemical modifications, including the formation of new functional groups, as confirmed by structural and functional analyses. A potential degradation pathway was proposed based on GC–MS analysis of the photocatalytic metabolites. Following this, bacterial treatment with <i>Staphylococcus equorum</i> further degraded the photocatalytically treated HDPE by 2.2 ± 0.029% over 15&#xa0;days. By integrating phytotoxicity assessment with sequential photocatalytic and bacterial degradation, this study demonstrates a conceptually linked, sustainable approach to HDPE mitigation, highlighting the potential of CeO₂-CuO nanoparticles as effective photocatalysts and supporting eco-friendly strategies for reducing plastic pollution.</p>

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A Synergistic Approach Using S. equorum and CeO₂-Doped CuO Nanoparticles for HDPE Degradation and Phytotoxicity Assessment in Vigna radiata (L)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月31日

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  • Monisha Babu,
  • Jemima Careline Jayaraj,
  • Veena Gayathri Krishnaswamy,
  • Thirumal Kumar Dakshinamurthy

摘要

High-density polyethylene (HDPE) is accumulating in the environment at alarming rates, posing serious risks to ecosystems and human health. This study first evaluated the phytotoxic effects of HDPE on Vigna radiata (L) over 25 days in agricultural and municipal soils, assessing growth parameters, pigment content, and phytochemical profiles, while GC–MS analysis detected potential toxic compounds in soils exposed to HDPE. To mitigate these effects, HDPE sheets were subjected to photocatalytic degradation using cerium oxide–doped copper oxide (CeO₂-CuO) nanoparticles synthesized via an HDPE-degrading bacterial strain. Under UV irradiation for 80 h, photocatalysis reduced HDPE weight by 51 ± 1.53%, producing surface cracks and chemical modifications, including the formation of new functional groups, as confirmed by structural and functional analyses. A potential degradation pathway was proposed based on GC–MS analysis of the photocatalytic metabolites. Following this, bacterial treatment with Staphylococcus equorum further degraded the photocatalytically treated HDPE by 2.2 ± 0.029% over 15 days. By integrating phytotoxicity assessment with sequential photocatalytic and bacterial degradation, this study demonstrates a conceptually linked, sustainable approach to HDPE mitigation, highlighting the potential of CeO₂-CuO nanoparticles as effective photocatalysts and supporting eco-friendly strategies for reducing plastic pollution.