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<p>Wastewater purification from suspended and colloidal impurities remains a critical challenge for industrial and municipal water management. This study proposes a sustainable iron-based coagulant synthesized from foundry waste, enabling simultaneous wastewater treatment and industrial waste recycling. The magnetic fraction of foundry dust (Fe ≈ 47.7 wt%) was leached with HCl to produce an iron-containing coagulant, while the non-magnetic fraction was evaluated for ceramic applications. The obtained coagulant demonstrated high purification performance at an optimal dose of 37.5&#xa0;mg/L, achieving &gt; 95% removal of suspended solids within pH 5–7 across three types of model wastewater (clay 5&#xa0;g/L, glaze 10&#xa0;g/L, dairy 40&#xa0;mL/L). Compared to commercial FeCl<sub>3</sub>, the experimental coagulant required up to 6–12 times lower dose to reach 97–98% clarification efficiency. This effect is attributed to the simultaneous presence of iron species and polysilicic flocculants formed during waste acid treatment. Additionally, leaching residues and the non-magnetic fraction were successfully incorporated (10–30 wt%) into artistic ceramics without compromising density or water absorption. The proposed approach demonstrates a dual environmental benefit – valorization of iron-rich industrial waste and reduced chemical consumption during coagulation – contributing to SDG 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation) and SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production).</p>

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Valorization of Foundry Waste into Iron-Based Coagulant and Ceramic Additives

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月23日

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  • Volha Zalyhina,
  • Valentin Romanovski

摘要

Wastewater purification from suspended and colloidal impurities remains a critical challenge for industrial and municipal water management. This study proposes a sustainable iron-based coagulant synthesized from foundry waste, enabling simultaneous wastewater treatment and industrial waste recycling. The magnetic fraction of foundry dust (Fe ≈ 47.7 wt%) was leached with HCl to produce an iron-containing coagulant, while the non-magnetic fraction was evaluated for ceramic applications. The obtained coagulant demonstrated high purification performance at an optimal dose of 37.5 mg/L, achieving > 95% removal of suspended solids within pH 5–7 across three types of model wastewater (clay 5 g/L, glaze 10 g/L, dairy 40 mL/L). Compared to commercial FeCl3, the experimental coagulant required up to 6–12 times lower dose to reach 97–98% clarification efficiency. This effect is attributed to the simultaneous presence of iron species and polysilicic flocculants formed during waste acid treatment. Additionally, leaching residues and the non-magnetic fraction were successfully incorporated (10–30 wt%) into artistic ceramics without compromising density or water absorption. The proposed approach demonstrates a dual environmental benefit – valorization of iron-rich industrial waste and reduced chemical consumption during coagulation – contributing to SDG 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation) and SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production).