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<p>Chemically Enhanced Primary Treatment (CEPT) is pivotal in transforming wastewater treatment plants into Water Resource Recovery Facilities (WRRFs) by optimizing carbon redirection to anaerobic digestion. However, relying on metallic coagulants, such as ferric chloride, introduces challenges related to methane inhibition and environmental sustainability. This study evaluates if bio-based coagulants used in CEPT, tannin and starch, improve carbon capture and methane production from the recovered primary sludge compared to iron-based and petrochemically derived coagulants. Experimental work combined systematic jar tests and pilot-scale column trials using raw domestic wastewater to assess coagulants’ efficiency in organic matter removal, cost-effectiveness, and impact on biomethane production. In the experiments, bio-based coagulants achieved notable chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal, with starches showing superior biodegradability and reaching up to 66% COD removal in diluted influents. However, tannins maintained consistent performance across varying influent strengths, achieving up to 62% COD removal under similar conditions. While iron and petrochemically derived coagulants&#xa0;—&#xa0;ferric chloride, poly-DADMAC and polyamines&#xa0;—&#xa0;showed equally high effectiveness in COD removal, biomethane production from sludge recovered with bio-based coagulants was equal or higher than with conventional products. Thus, bio-based coagulants present a promising pathway to reduce environmental impact, scalability and integration into full-scale WRRFs. Further investigations are required for hybrid coagulant systems and dynamic testing under full-scale conditions to enhance performance and cost-efficiency. This study contributes to advancing sustainable wastewater treatment technologies aligned with circular economy principles.</p>

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Can Bio-Based Coagulants Improve Chemically Enhanced Primary Treatment to Optimize Carbon Capture and Maximize Methane Production?

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月6日

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  • Florent Chazarenc,
  • Katharina Tondera,
  • Fatima Ezzahraa El Messaoudi,
  • Raja Sekhar Guthi,
  • Sylvie Gillot,
  • Bruno Sialve,
  • Boram Kim,
  • Pierre Buffiere

摘要

Chemically Enhanced Primary Treatment (CEPT) is pivotal in transforming wastewater treatment plants into Water Resource Recovery Facilities (WRRFs) by optimizing carbon redirection to anaerobic digestion. However, relying on metallic coagulants, such as ferric chloride, introduces challenges related to methane inhibition and environmental sustainability. This study evaluates if bio-based coagulants used in CEPT, tannin and starch, improve carbon capture and methane production from the recovered primary sludge compared to iron-based and petrochemically derived coagulants. Experimental work combined systematic jar tests and pilot-scale column trials using raw domestic wastewater to assess coagulants’ efficiency in organic matter removal, cost-effectiveness, and impact on biomethane production. In the experiments, bio-based coagulants achieved notable chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal, with starches showing superior biodegradability and reaching up to 66% COD removal in diluted influents. However, tannins maintained consistent performance across varying influent strengths, achieving up to 62% COD removal under similar conditions. While iron and petrochemically derived coagulants — ferric chloride, poly-DADMAC and polyamines — showed equally high effectiveness in COD removal, biomethane production from sludge recovered with bio-based coagulants was equal or higher than with conventional products. Thus, bio-based coagulants present a promising pathway to reduce environmental impact, scalability and integration into full-scale WRRFs. Further investigations are required for hybrid coagulant systems and dynamic testing under full-scale conditions to enhance performance and cost-efficiency. This study contributes to advancing sustainable wastewater treatment technologies aligned with circular economy principles.