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<p>Designing efficient catalysts for photocatalytic processes in the fields of photodegradation of organic pollutants for water remediation and photoproduction of hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) is challenging. In this study, a facile method to fabricate Lanthanum oxide (La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) onto nitrogen-rich graphite-phase&#xa0;carbon nitride (CN) to construct La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/CN (LaCN) heterojunction for tetracycline (TC) photodegradation and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> photoproduction under visible-light irradiation was carried out. The catalyst was systematically characterized using advanced techniques, including X-ray Diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and ultraviolet–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV–Vis). Among the prepared composites, it was observed that as-synthesized 10LaCN composite indicated the best results in terms of photoactivity for both TC photodegradation and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> photoproduction. Regarding optimum conditions, the 10LaCN could achieve a maximum degradation efficiency of 91.15% at an initial TC concentration of 12.5&#xa0;mg L<sup>−1</sup>, a catalytic dosage of 30&#xa0;mg, and pH 7.4, as well as reach 4542.1&#xa0;μM&#xa0;g<sup>−1</sup> of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> production under visible-light illumination, respectively. Notably, 10LaCN outperformed CN and La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> with a 1.5-fold higher degradation efficiency, whereas its H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> production was 1.6-fold and 9.7-fold higher than the respective controls. Furthermore, the mechanism investigation of photocatalyst highlighted that the primary radical species, including h<sup>+</sup>, •O<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup>, and e<sup>−</sup>, were mainly responsible for photodegradation, indicating the proposed S-scheme LaCN heterojunction mechanism. In the toxicity test, the photodegradation process reduced significantly TC toxicity in water, whereas the residual TC exerted an inhibitory effect on plant growth. Additionally, the techno-economic assessment of LaCN for photodegradation is estimated as low as $6.35 per m<sup>−3</sup>, suggesting promising applicability for wastewater remediation as well as sustainable energy systems.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Rationally Constructed Synergy La2O3/N-Rich Graphitic Carbon Nitride Heterojunction: “One Stone and Two Birds” Strategy to Solve Photocatalytic Degradation of Antibiotics and Improve the H2O2 Production

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月14日

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  • Phan Quang Huy Hoang,
  • Nguyen Minh Phu,
  • Dang Thanh Cong Minh,
  • Tran Nguyen Cam Nhung,
  • Tran Dang Khoa,
  • Nguyen Thanh Hoai Nam,
  • Nguyen Hung Vu,
  • Nguyen Ngoc Nghia,
  • Huynh Ky Phuong Ha,
  • Mai Thanh Phong,
  • Nguyen Huu Hieu

摘要

Designing efficient catalysts for photocatalytic processes in the fields of photodegradation of organic pollutants for water remediation and photoproduction of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is challenging. In this study, a facile method to fabricate Lanthanum oxide (La2O3) onto nitrogen-rich graphite-phase carbon nitride (CN) to construct La2O3/CN (LaCN) heterojunction for tetracycline (TC) photodegradation and H2O2 photoproduction under visible-light irradiation was carried out. The catalyst was systematically characterized using advanced techniques, including X-ray Diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and ultraviolet–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV–Vis). Among the prepared composites, it was observed that as-synthesized 10LaCN composite indicated the best results in terms of photoactivity for both TC photodegradation and H2O2 photoproduction. Regarding optimum conditions, the 10LaCN could achieve a maximum degradation efficiency of 91.15% at an initial TC concentration of 12.5 mg L−1, a catalytic dosage of 30 mg, and pH 7.4, as well as reach 4542.1 μM g−1 of H2O2 production under visible-light illumination, respectively. Notably, 10LaCN outperformed CN and La2O3 with a 1.5-fold higher degradation efficiency, whereas its H2O2 production was 1.6-fold and 9.7-fold higher than the respective controls. Furthermore, the mechanism investigation of photocatalyst highlighted that the primary radical species, including h+, •O2−, and e−, were mainly responsible for photodegradation, indicating the proposed S-scheme LaCN heterojunction mechanism. In the toxicity test, the photodegradation process reduced significantly TC toxicity in water, whereas the residual TC exerted an inhibitory effect on plant growth. Additionally, the techno-economic assessment of LaCN for photodegradation is estimated as low as $6.35 per m−3, suggesting promising applicability for wastewater remediation as well as sustainable energy systems.

Graphical Abstract