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<p>This study evaluates the phytoremediation performance of <i>Canna indica</i>, <i>Phragmites australis</i>, and <i>Typha latifolia</i> in modified lab-scale constructed wetlands for decentralized wastewater treatment. Six treatment compartments (C1–C6) were developed using low-cost filter media comprising gravel, sand, charcoal, coconut coir pith, and neem powder, with configurations including aerated, planted, and unplanted systems. Wastewater collected from Pedda Cheruvu Lake, Vizianagaram, India, was treated over a 10-day cycle in two experimental runs. Key water quality parameters pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), salinity, and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) were monitored on days 1, 6, and 10. The aerated system (C1) achieved the highest BOD removal up to 75%, while <i>Phragmites australis</i> (C3) showed significant improvement in DO from 0.4 to 3.6&#xa0;mg/L, indicating enhanced aerobic microbial activity. <i>Typha latifolia</i> (C5) was most effective in reducing TDS up to 51.46% and salinity up to 55.17%. pH remained stable throughout the treatment period. The results demonstrate that hybrid constructed wetlands integrating native macrophytes and biodegradable filter media provide an efficient, sustainable, and scalable solution for decentralized wastewater treatment in semi-urban and rural regions of India.</p>

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Water Treatment Case Study of Pedda Cheruvu Using Phytoremediation-Based Constructed Wetlands with Sustainable Filter Media, Vizianagaram, India

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月26日

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  • Pinakana Lakshman Rao,
  • B. Jagadeesh,
  • Poli Bhavani Prakash,
  • Nalla Manoj Kumar,
  • Samanthapudi Akhila,
  • Bodapati Sree Sai Prasad

摘要

This study evaluates the phytoremediation performance of Canna indica, Phragmites australis, and Typha latifolia in modified lab-scale constructed wetlands for decentralized wastewater treatment. Six treatment compartments (C1–C6) were developed using low-cost filter media comprising gravel, sand, charcoal, coconut coir pith, and neem powder, with configurations including aerated, planted, and unplanted systems. Wastewater collected from Pedda Cheruvu Lake, Vizianagaram, India, was treated over a 10-day cycle in two experimental runs. Key water quality parameters pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), salinity, and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) were monitored on days 1, 6, and 10. The aerated system (C1) achieved the highest BOD removal up to 75%, while Phragmites australis (C3) showed significant improvement in DO from 0.4 to 3.6 mg/L, indicating enhanced aerobic microbial activity. Typha latifolia (C5) was most effective in reducing TDS up to 51.46% and salinity up to 55.17%. pH remained stable throughout the treatment period. The results demonstrate that hybrid constructed wetlands integrating native macrophytes and biodegradable filter media provide an efficient, sustainable, and scalable solution for decentralized wastewater treatment in semi-urban and rural regions of India.