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<p>This study systematically investigated the influence of the placement position of lanthanum-modified bentonite (LMB) on its efficacy in controlling sediment phosphorus release and elucidated the underlying mechanisms. Our results demonstrated that surface capping of LMB at the sediment-overlying water interface (SWI) effectively controlled sediment phosphorus release to the overlying water (OW), primarily through the passivation of diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT)-labile phosphorus in the upper sediment layer. Notably, the effectiveness&#xa0;of LMB&#xa0;showed a strong dependence on&#xa0;sediment burial depth. The efficiency of LMB in controlling the release of sedimentary phosphorus to OW diminished as the capping layer became buried by accumulating sediments, with this inhibitory effect progressively intensifying as sediment burial depth increased until complete functional loss occurred. However, stratified LMB application effectively mitigated the adverse effects of sediment burial on its controlling efficiency for phosphorus release from sediment to OW, with enhanced performance observed when a portion of the LMB layer was maintained above the SWI. Additionally, incorporating LMB into sediment through mixing effectively controlled sedimentary phosphorus release into OW. Mechanistic studies revealed that&#xa0;both LMB stratified capping and amendment approaches shared a common working principle: the passivation of DGT-labile phosphorus in the upper sediment layer. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that both stratified LMB application and LMB-sediment mixing effectively mitigate the negative impact of sediment burial on the control of phosphorus release from sediment into OW.</p>

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Effect of Placement Position On the Control of Phosphorus Release From Sediment By Lanthanum-modified Bentonite

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月15日

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  • Ruixiang Xiong,
  • Jianwei Lin,
  • Yanhui Zhan,
  • Ying Chen

摘要

This study systematically investigated the influence of the placement position of lanthanum-modified bentonite (LMB) on its efficacy in controlling sediment phosphorus release and elucidated the underlying mechanisms. Our results demonstrated that surface capping of LMB at the sediment-overlying water interface (SWI) effectively controlled sediment phosphorus release to the overlying water (OW), primarily through the passivation of diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT)-labile phosphorus in the upper sediment layer. Notably, the effectiveness of LMB showed a strong dependence on sediment burial depth. The efficiency of LMB in controlling the release of sedimentary phosphorus to OW diminished as the capping layer became buried by accumulating sediments, with this inhibitory effect progressively intensifying as sediment burial depth increased until complete functional loss occurred. However, stratified LMB application effectively mitigated the adverse effects of sediment burial on its controlling efficiency for phosphorus release from sediment to OW, with enhanced performance observed when a portion of the LMB layer was maintained above the SWI. Additionally, incorporating LMB into sediment through mixing effectively controlled sedimentary phosphorus release into OW. Mechanistic studies revealed that both LMB stratified capping and amendment approaches shared a common working principle: the passivation of DGT-labile phosphorus in the upper sediment layer. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that both stratified LMB application and LMB-sediment mixing effectively mitigate the negative impact of sediment burial on the control of phosphorus release from sediment into OW.