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Abstract <p>Through integrated chemical analysis and in silico ecotoxicological modeling, this study delivers the first comprehensive spatial assessment of PCBs, OCPs, and PAHs in river sediments across Croatia’s Adriatic and Danube basins. The analysis employed VEGA QSAR models targeting persistence (<i>n</i>=6), bioaccumulation (<i>n</i>=4), toxicity (<i>n</i>=3), and lipophilicity (logP; <i>n</i>=3) along with measured environmental concentrations to calculate Toxicity Units (TUs) and to establish PBTC (Persistence, Bioaccumulation, Toxicity, Concentration) rankings. Overall, TU and PBTC derived assessments suggest moderate ecological risks at the majority of surveyed locations. Nevertheless, elevated risk levels were recorded in the Kupa and Sava Rivers within the Danube catchment, and localized areas of intensified contamination were detected in the Neretva River within the Adriatic watershed. PAHs were consistently found at markedly higher concentrations than PCBs and OCPs across all sampled locations, indicating ongoing inputs from anthropogenic combustion processes. Conversely, the continued presence of PCBs and OCPs, despite regulatory bans implemented in the 1970s, underscores their environmental recalcitrance and the necessity of sustained surveillance. These findings emphasize the importance of long-term, multi-site monitoring frameworks to effectively track both spatial variability and temporal dynamics of sediment-associated contaminants.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Persistent Organic Pollutants and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in River Sediments Throughout Croatia: Spatial Distribution and In Silico Toxicity Characterization

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月17日

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  • Ivana Terzić,
  • Ivana Jakovljević,
  • Sanja Fingler,
  • Gordana Mendaš,
  • Sanja Stipičević,
  • Gordana Pehnec,
  • Martina Biošić,
  • Mario Lovrić,
  • Goran Jakšić,
  • Snježana Herceg Romanić

摘要

Abstract

Through integrated chemical analysis and in silico ecotoxicological modeling, this study delivers the first comprehensive spatial assessment of PCBs, OCPs, and PAHs in river sediments across Croatia’s Adriatic and Danube basins. The analysis employed VEGA QSAR models targeting persistence (n=6), bioaccumulation (n=4), toxicity (n=3), and lipophilicity (logP; n=3) along with measured environmental concentrations to calculate Toxicity Units (TUs) and to establish PBTC (Persistence, Bioaccumulation, Toxicity, Concentration) rankings. Overall, TU and PBTC derived assessments suggest moderate ecological risks at the majority of surveyed locations. Nevertheless, elevated risk levels were recorded in the Kupa and Sava Rivers within the Danube catchment, and localized areas of intensified contamination were detected in the Neretva River within the Adriatic watershed. PAHs were consistently found at markedly higher concentrations than PCBs and OCPs across all sampled locations, indicating ongoing inputs from anthropogenic combustion processes. Conversely, the continued presence of PCBs and OCPs, despite regulatory bans implemented in the 1970s, underscores their environmental recalcitrance and the necessity of sustained surveillance. These findings emphasize the importance of long-term, multi-site monitoring frameworks to effectively track both spatial variability and temporal dynamics of sediment-associated contaminants.

Graphical Abstract