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<p>Microplastics and antibiotics frequently coexist in aquatic environments and pose potential health risks. However, the combined toxicity of aged and unaged microplastics with antibiotics remains largely unknown. This study investigated the effects of biodegradable polybutylene succinate microplastics (PBS-MPs), before and after UV aging, in combination with levofloxacin (LEV), on bioaccumulation and intestinal microflora in <i>Cristaria plicata.</i> PBS-MPs exposure under low concentration (1 μg/L), particularly aged PBS-MPs, promoted LEV accumulation in mussels. Sequencing of mussel intestinal flora after 14 d of exposure showed that the addition of aged PBS (APBS) under low LEV exposure increased the number of ASVs by 732 compared to the control. Specifically, the abundance of Firmicutes decreased after PBS exposure, while Proteobacteria exhibited the opposite tendency. Alpha diversity analysis indicated no significant differences in the intestinal flora among treatment groups. LEfSe indicated that APBS exposure significantly altered the microbiota compared to PPBS, most notably through the enrichment of <i>Bacteroides</i>, which can damage organisms. Our results provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying the combined toxicity of microplastics and antibiotics in aquatic organisms.</p>

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Combined Toxicity of Polybutylene Succinate Microplastics and Levofloxacin in Cristaria Plicata: Insights from Bioaccumulation and Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月23日

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  • Xixi Tang,
  • Ximan Feng,
  • Wenying Wang,
  • Hebin Liang,
  • Zhengxin Xie,
  • Bing Xia,
  • Jun Tang

摘要

Microplastics and antibiotics frequently coexist in aquatic environments and pose potential health risks. However, the combined toxicity of aged and unaged microplastics with antibiotics remains largely unknown. This study investigated the effects of biodegradable polybutylene succinate microplastics (PBS-MPs), before and after UV aging, in combination with levofloxacin (LEV), on bioaccumulation and intestinal microflora in Cristaria plicata. PBS-MPs exposure under low concentration (1 μg/L), particularly aged PBS-MPs, promoted LEV accumulation in mussels. Sequencing of mussel intestinal flora after 14 d of exposure showed that the addition of aged PBS (APBS) under low LEV exposure increased the number of ASVs by 732 compared to the control. Specifically, the abundance of Firmicutes decreased after PBS exposure, while Proteobacteria exhibited the opposite tendency. Alpha diversity analysis indicated no significant differences in the intestinal flora among treatment groups. LEfSe indicated that APBS exposure significantly altered the microbiota compared to PPBS, most notably through the enrichment of Bacteroides, which can damage organisms. Our results provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying the combined toxicity of microplastics and antibiotics in aquatic organisms.