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<p>Composted sewage sludge (CSS) is a nutrient-rich organic amendment with the&#xa0;potential to replace or supplement chemical fertilizers (CFs) by recycling nutrients. However, its effects on grain yield and nutritional quality are still not fully understood. This study evaluated the effects of partially or entirely replacing CFs with CSS on rice growth, yield, grain quality, and soil fertility over three crop seasons. The experiment cultivated <i>Oryza sativa</i> L. cv. Bekoaoba (2022 and 2024) and Fukuhibiki (2023)&#xa0;and tested three treatments: CF alone (control), a 50:50 mix of CSS and CFs (CSS + CF), and CSS alone. Across the three seasons, average results showed that the CSS treatment significantly reduced both grain yield and protein content compared to the control. Specifically, grain yield decreased by 25%, and protein content declined by 28% relative to the control (8 t/ha and 8.3%, respectively; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). However, the CSS + CF treatment resulted in smaller reductions in grain yield (12.5%) and protein content (7%) compared to the control (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). In terms of soil quality, the CSS treatment significantly improved soil organic matter by 24% and phosphorus by 20% compared to the control (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Overall,&#xa0;this study underscores the potential of CSS as a low-cost and sustainable alternative to CFs with long-term benefits for soil health, while emphasizing the need for careful monitoring of heavy metal accumulation. These findings provide valuable insights for advancing sustainable fertilization practices and promoting nutrient&#xa0;recycling from sewage sludge within a circular economy framework.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Substituting Chemical Fertilizers with Composted Sewage Sludge: Impacts on Rice Yield, Grain Composition, and Soil Fertility

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月20日

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  • Angelo Alface,
  • Kaba Conde,
  • Hiroki Matsuyama,
  • Shuji Urakawa,
  • Luc Duc Phung,
  • Toru Watanabe

摘要

Composted sewage sludge (CSS) is a nutrient-rich organic amendment with the potential to replace or supplement chemical fertilizers (CFs) by recycling nutrients. However, its effects on grain yield and nutritional quality are still not fully understood. This study evaluated the effects of partially or entirely replacing CFs with CSS on rice growth, yield, grain quality, and soil fertility over three crop seasons. The experiment cultivated Oryza sativa L. cv. Bekoaoba (2022 and 2024) and Fukuhibiki (2023) and tested three treatments: CF alone (control), a 50:50 mix of CSS and CFs (CSS + CF), and CSS alone. Across the three seasons, average results showed that the CSS treatment significantly reduced both grain yield and protein content compared to the control. Specifically, grain yield decreased by 25%, and protein content declined by 28% relative to the control (8 t/ha and 8.3%, respectively; p < 0.05). However, the CSS + CF treatment resulted in smaller reductions in grain yield (12.5%) and protein content (7%) compared to the control (p > 0.05). In terms of soil quality, the CSS treatment significantly improved soil organic matter by 24% and phosphorus by 20% compared to the control (p < 0.05). Overall, this study underscores the potential of CSS as a low-cost and sustainable alternative to CFs with long-term benefits for soil health, while emphasizing the need for careful monitoring of heavy metal accumulation. These findings provide valuable insights for advancing sustainable fertilization practices and promoting nutrient recycling from sewage sludge within a circular economy framework.

Graphical Abstract