<p>Fluoride (F⁻) is prevalent in groundwater systems, owing to both human activities and natural geological processes. Consumption of fluoride-contaminated groundwater can lead to chronic and acute toxicity, manifesting as skeletal and dental fluorosis, neurological impairment, and bone softening in humans. In consequence, the effective removal of F⁻ from drinking water sources has become a significant concern in modern scientific discourse. While various chemical and physical methods exist for this purpose, many are prohibitively expensive and not entirely practical. Recently, bioremediation approaches for F⁻ removal have gained attention due to their efficacy. These microbial bioremediation processes encompass bioaccumulation, biotransformation, and biosorption mechanisms. Microbial biomasses serve as efficient agents in this bioremediation process. The use of omics approaches can significantly advance bioremediation research. Consequently, this review aims to outline the accumulation and toxicity of F⁻ in plants and animals, as well as the bacteria-mediated removal of F⁻ from drinking water sources. It will highlight the advantages and feasibility of such bioremediation approaches over conventional physical and chemical methods.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>