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<p>In this study, keratinous substances, specifically goat and sheep hair, were explored as potential adsorbents for the removal of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) from aqueous solutions. The hair samples, obtained from slaughterhouse waste, were characterized to understand their surface morphology and functional groups. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted under various operating conditions, and the optimization study was performed using the Taguchi method. The results revealed that the adsorption of Cr(VI) followed the Freundlich isotherm model, indicating multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous surfaces. Kinetic studies showed that the adsorption process fit well with the pseudo-second-order model for goat hair (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.995) and pseudo-first-order model for sheep hair (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.977). Thermodynamic analysis indicated that the adsorption process was endothermic up to 323&#xa0;K. The Langmuir adsorption capacity was found to be higher for sheep hair (3.65&#xa0;mg/g) than for goat hair (2.29&#xa0;mg/g). Regeneration studies demonstrated the reusability of the adsorbents using 0.1&#xa0;M NaOH solution both adsorbent. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations confirmed the strong binding potential of keratinous materials with Cr(VI), with the electronic structure analysis showing enhanced conductivity upon complexation with chromium. These findings suggest that goat and sheep hair are effective, low-cost adsorbents for Cr(VI) removal, offering a sustainable solution for treating industrial wastewater.</p>

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Sustainable Cr(VI) Aqueous Detoxification using Keratin-Based Adsorbents: Integration of Taguchi Design and Computational Modelling

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月12日

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  • Naba Kumar Mondal,
  • Sudipta Palui,
  • Kamalesh Sen,
  • Priyanka Debnath,
  • Arghadip Mondal

摘要

In this study, keratinous substances, specifically goat and sheep hair, were explored as potential adsorbents for the removal of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) from aqueous solutions. The hair samples, obtained from slaughterhouse waste, were characterized to understand their surface morphology and functional groups. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted under various operating conditions, and the optimization study was performed using the Taguchi method. The results revealed that the adsorption of Cr(VI) followed the Freundlich isotherm model, indicating multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous surfaces. Kinetic studies showed that the adsorption process fit well with the pseudo-second-order model for goat hair (R2 = 0.995) and pseudo-first-order model for sheep hair (R2 = 0.977). Thermodynamic analysis indicated that the adsorption process was endothermic up to 323 K. The Langmuir adsorption capacity was found to be higher for sheep hair (3.65 mg/g) than for goat hair (2.29 mg/g). Regeneration studies demonstrated the reusability of the adsorbents using 0.1 M NaOH solution both adsorbent. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations confirmed the strong binding potential of keratinous materials with Cr(VI), with the electronic structure analysis showing enhanced conductivity upon complexation with chromium. These findings suggest that goat and sheep hair are effective, low-cost adsorbents for Cr(VI) removal, offering a sustainable solution for treating industrial wastewater.