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<p>Some cities in northern China suffer from severe sand and dust pollution, leading to an increasing demand for effective dust suppression and sand fixation solutions. This study develops an eco-friendly, industrially scalable dust suppressant (YCB) by using a five-factor, four-level orthogonal design. Experimental results indicate that the optimal formulation of YCB comprises 0.06% xanthan gum, 0.4% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 3% sodium alginate, 3% crust-forming agent, and 3% moisture-retaining agent. For regular application, a 2 wt% YCB solution is sprayed at a rate of 2.0 kg/m<sup>2</sup>. Scanning electron microscopy and infrared spectroscopy reveal that YCB functions by enabling its polar groups to rapidly diffuse across sand surfaces upon spraying, which binds fine particles into a solidified layer with the hardness of 60.75 HA. This layer demonstrates exceptional erosion resistance, retaining 77.17% and 99.83% mass after five rainfall simulations and 20-min wind erosion at 16 m/s, respectively. Furthermore, YCB supports ecological restoration, as it achieved 48.94% biodegradation within 10 days and promoted a 1.4-fold increase in the germination rate of <i>Elymus</i> seeds compared to the blank group, which was an ecological benefit confirmed in field trials. This study demonstrates that YCB enables dual dust control and ecological restoration through scalable production.</p>

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Development and Characterization of a Composite Dust Suppressant for Effective Sand Fixation and Ecological Restoration

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月25日

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  • Yifan Liang,
  • Mingjie Wang,
  • Fangfang Si,
  • Deqian Wang,
  • Hengfeng Li

摘要

Some cities in northern China suffer from severe sand and dust pollution, leading to an increasing demand for effective dust suppression and sand fixation solutions. This study develops an eco-friendly, industrially scalable dust suppressant (YCB) by using a five-factor, four-level orthogonal design. Experimental results indicate that the optimal formulation of YCB comprises 0.06% xanthan gum, 0.4% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 3% sodium alginate, 3% crust-forming agent, and 3% moisture-retaining agent. For regular application, a 2 wt% YCB solution is sprayed at a rate of 2.0 kg/m2. Scanning electron microscopy and infrared spectroscopy reveal that YCB functions by enabling its polar groups to rapidly diffuse across sand surfaces upon spraying, which binds fine particles into a solidified layer with the hardness of 60.75 HA. This layer demonstrates exceptional erosion resistance, retaining 77.17% and 99.83% mass after five rainfall simulations and 20-min wind erosion at 16 m/s, respectively. Furthermore, YCB supports ecological restoration, as it achieved 48.94% biodegradation within 10 days and promoted a 1.4-fold increase in the germination rate of Elymus seeds compared to the blank group, which was an ecological benefit confirmed in field trials. This study demonstrates that YCB enables dual dust control and ecological restoration through scalable production.