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<p>Pot trials were conducted to investigate the impact of biochar application and methods that alleviate Lead (Pb) stress on the growth of tobacco plants. Lead demonstrated an adverse effect on tobacco growth at different post-transplantation intervals, which intensified with increasing soil lead concentrations. The growth index declined by more than 12%, while photosynthetic characteristics and pigments diminished, and activity of antioxidant enzymes increased. The incorporation of biochar successfully alleviated the inhibitory effects of lead (Pb) on plant growth, with the relief being more obvious in plants subjected to higher Pb concentrations. The chlorophyll a, b, as well as&#xa0;carotenoid levels&#xa0;increased by 10.03%, 13.61%, and 11.40%, respectively, with 65-days of transplanting. The photosynthetic attributes indicated a 12.50% increase in stomatal conductance,&#xa0;a&#xa0;12.01% rise in the net photosynthetic rate, and a reduction in Ci&#xa0;concentration to 0.89. Following the treatments, the malondialdehyde levels, and activity of&#xa0;antioxidant enzyme such as superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and&#xa0;catalase&#xa0;exhibited increases of 13.01%, 11.21%, 11.04%, and 7.59%,&#xa0;respectively, after&#xa0;biochar application. Our research demonstrates that biochar containing functional groups can effectively reduce Pb toxicity by improving immobilization or adsorption of Pb in the soil, thereby significantly lowering Pb concentration in leaves and providing a theoretical basis and methodology for addressing soil Pb contamination and promoting soil remediation.</p>

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Non-Wood-Based Biochar for the Management of Lead (II) Nitrate Contamination and Enhancement of Stress Tolerance in Tobacco

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月12日

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  • Ghulam Murtaza,
  • Qamar uz Zaman,
  • Zeeshan Ahmed,
  • Javed Iqbal,
  • Hossam S. El-Beltagi,
  • Khairiah Mubarak Alwutayd,
  • Rashid Iqbal

摘要

Pot trials were conducted to investigate the impact of biochar application and methods that alleviate Lead (Pb) stress on the growth of tobacco plants. Lead demonstrated an adverse effect on tobacco growth at different post-transplantation intervals, which intensified with increasing soil lead concentrations. The growth index declined by more than 12%, while photosynthetic characteristics and pigments diminished, and activity of antioxidant enzymes increased. The incorporation of biochar successfully alleviated the inhibitory effects of lead (Pb) on plant growth, with the relief being more obvious in plants subjected to higher Pb concentrations. The chlorophyll a, b, as well as carotenoid levels increased by 10.03%, 13.61%, and 11.40%, respectively, with 65-days of transplanting. The photosynthetic attributes indicated a 12.50% increase in stomatal conductance, a 12.01% rise in the net photosynthetic rate, and a reduction in Ci concentration to 0.89. Following the treatments, the malondialdehyde levels, and activity of antioxidant enzyme such as superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase exhibited increases of 13.01%, 11.21%, 11.04%, and 7.59%, respectively, after biochar application. Our research demonstrates that biochar containing functional groups can effectively reduce Pb toxicity by improving immobilization or adsorption of Pb in the soil, thereby significantly lowering Pb concentration in leaves and providing a theoretical basis and methodology for addressing soil Pb contamination and promoting soil remediation.