Fibrous waste of jute industry produced from spinning process was utilized to develop efficient biochar for Cu(II) remediation from jute industrial effluent as recycle prospective. The study describes (i) preparation of waste derived biochar from jute processing industries as adsorbent for effluent treatment in the same industry; (ii) biochar characterization using FESEM-EDAX, elemental-mapping, FTIR, zeta-potential, Raman spectroscopy, BET-surface area, XRD, XRF, XPS, and functional groups modification study for elucidation of removal mechanism; (iii) recalcitrance potential of biochar as soil health improvement and carbon sequestration potential. The treatment effects of synthetic and jute industry wastewater using prepared biochar revealed > 95% removal of Cu(II) as well as simultaneous removal of other metal present in effluent. The biochar showed maximum Cu(II) adsorption capacity of 588.25 mgg−1. Experimental facts of Cu(II) adsorption on the biochar fitted better to Freundlich isotherm in comparison to Langmuir isotherm. Cu(II) remediation were accomplished by physical and chemisorptions, surface complexation with heteroatom functional groups. The biochar stability in soil for agriculture and environment aspects were estimated, half-life of control and Cu(II) laden the biochars from100 to 1000 years. Short and long term chemical (H2O2) oxidation and TG–DTA analysis for thermal stability were performed. Calculated recalcitrance parameter (<InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11270_2025_8535_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="33" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">${R}_{50})$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mn>50</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> for control biochar and Cu(II) laden biochar were 0.44 and 0.51, respectively. Lower <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11270_2025_8535_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="26" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">${R}_{50}$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mn>50</mn> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> amount signifies to elevated recalcitrance and better carbon sequestration potential. Minor enhancement in the recalcitrance index of Cu(II) laden biochar was due to Cu(II) complexation with biochar that is also responsible for stability of the biochar in soil.

Recycle of Jute Industry Processing Waste as Biochar for Cu(II) Adsorption from Effluent and Recalcitrance Study for Agriculture and Environment Aspects

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发表日期：

2025年10月4日

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Lata Ramrakhiani,
Swachchha Majumdar,
Sourja Ghosh

摘要

Fibrous waste of jute industry produced from spinning process was utilized to develop efficient biochar for Cu(II) remediation from jute industrial effluent as recycle prospective. The study describes (i) preparation of waste derived biochar from jute processing industries as adsorbent for effluent treatment in the same industry; (ii) biochar characterization using FESEM-EDAX, elemental-mapping, FTIR, zeta-potential, Raman spectroscopy, BET-surface area, XRD, XRF, XPS, and functional groups modification study for elucidation of removal mechanism; (iii) recalcitrance potential of biochar as soil health improvement and carbon sequestration potential. The treatment effects of synthetic and jute industry wastewater using prepared biochar revealed > 95% removal of Cu(II) as well as simultaneous removal of other metal present in effluent. The biochar showed maximum Cu(II) adsorption capacity of 588.25 mgg⁻¹. Experimental facts of Cu(II) adsorption on the biochar fitted better to Freundlich isotherm in comparison to Langmuir isotherm. Cu(II) remediation were accomplished by physical and chemisorptions, surface complexation with heteroatom functional groups. The biochar stability in soil for agriculture and environment aspects were estimated, half-life of control and Cu(II) laden the biochars from100 to 1000 years. Short and long term chemical (H₂O₂) oxidation and TG–DTA analysis for thermal stability were performed. Calculated recalcitrance parameter ( ${R}_{50})$ $R_{50})$ for control biochar and Cu(II) laden biochar were 0.44 and 0.51, respectively. Lower ${R}_{50}$ $R_{50}$ amount signifies to elevated recalcitrance and better carbon sequestration potential. Minor enhancement in the recalcitrance index of Cu(II) laden biochar was due to Cu(II) complexation with biochar that is also responsible for stability of the biochar in soil.