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<p>The extensive use of neonicotinoid insecticides, particularly thiamethoxam (THI), has raised environmental and food safety concerns due to their persistence in the soil and potential accumulation in crops. However, effective strategies to reduce their bioavailability and plant uptake remain limited. This study investigated the effects of biochar amendment, produced from <i>Acacia auriculiformis</i> wood waste, on THI dissipation in soil and uptake by tomato plants (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i>). Results showed that biochar significantly reduced THI degradation in soil, mainly due to increased sorption capacity of the biochar-amended soil. After 28&#xa0;days of incubation, approximately 76.1% of the initial applied THI dissipated from the unamended soil, compared to only 42.8% in soil amended with 2% biochar. Biochar amendment increased tomato plant height and mature leaf number by 34.0% and 5.9%, respectively, while significantly reducing the bioaccumulation of THI and its main metabolite clothianidin (CLO) in various plant tissues. Specifically, at 1% biochar application, THI and CLO concentrations in the roots remained below 0.26 and 0.22&#xa0;mg/kg, respectively. In the stems, THI and CLO concentrations decreased by approximately 43.8 and 40.0%, while in the leaves, reductions reached 71.9% and 55.4%, respectively, relative to the controls. These findings highlight biochar's potential as an effective soil amendment for reducing neonicotinoid bioavailability and ensuring food safety in pesticide-contaminated agricultural soils.</p>

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Biochar Reduces the Dissipation and Plant Uptake of the Neonicotinoid Insecticide Thiamethoxam in Agricultural Soil

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月2日

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  • Anh Nguyen,
  • Quang Nguyen,
  • Truc Nguyen,
  • Dai Ngo,
  • Sinh Nguyen,
  • Vu Nguyen,
  • Nguyen Lam,
  • Ly Trinh,
  • Loan Cao,
  • Khang Huynh

摘要

The extensive use of neonicotinoid insecticides, particularly thiamethoxam (THI), has raised environmental and food safety concerns due to their persistence in the soil and potential accumulation in crops. However, effective strategies to reduce their bioavailability and plant uptake remain limited. This study investigated the effects of biochar amendment, produced from Acacia auriculiformis wood waste, on THI dissipation in soil and uptake by tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum). Results showed that biochar significantly reduced THI degradation in soil, mainly due to increased sorption capacity of the biochar-amended soil. After 28 days of incubation, approximately 76.1% of the initial applied THI dissipated from the unamended soil, compared to only 42.8% in soil amended with 2% biochar. Biochar amendment increased tomato plant height and mature leaf number by 34.0% and 5.9%, respectively, while significantly reducing the bioaccumulation of THI and its main metabolite clothianidin (CLO) in various plant tissues. Specifically, at 1% biochar application, THI and CLO concentrations in the roots remained below 0.26 and 0.22 mg/kg, respectively. In the stems, THI and CLO concentrations decreased by approximately 43.8 and 40.0%, while in the leaves, reductions reached 71.9% and 55.4%, respectively, relative to the controls. These findings highlight biochar's potential as an effective soil amendment for reducing neonicotinoid bioavailability and ensuring food safety in pesticide-contaminated agricultural soils.