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<p>This study examined the effects of small-scale aquaculture on water quality and floristic composition in the headwaters of the Koteyemu-Fiditi stream, Ikire, Nigeria. While large-scale aquaculture's contribution to water pollution is well-known, the impact of peasant aquaculture on headwater riparian ecosystems remains understudied. Thirty-six surface and groundwater samples were tested for formaldehyde, oxytetracycline, phosphorus, sodium chloride, <i>E. coli</i>, and other physicochemical parameters across the dry and rainy seasons. Riparian plant community inventory was also taken. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and paired samples t-test at α 0.05. In the dry season, 65% of surface water samples contained formaldehyde at 0.03–0.06&#xa0;mg/L, while all samples had oxytetracycline, phosphorus, sodium chloride, and <i>E. coli</i>, with phosphorus and <i>E. coli</i> exceeding World Health Organization standards. Although characterized by lesser spatial coverage, pollution metrics increased considerably in the rainy season. Significant seasonal variations were observed for phosphorus (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001) and sodium chloride (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.005). The study concludes that eutrophication is the primary environmental risk from small-scale freshwater aquaculture. Pollutant metrics are also expected to increase in any season dominated by plant species that are less capable of filtering pollutants.</p>

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Evaluating the Impact of Peasant Aquaculture on Water Quality and Floristic Composition in the Headwater Regions of Southwest Nigeria

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月26日

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  • Opeyemi Caleb Fatayo,
  • Christiana N. Egbinola,
  • Mobolaji O. Omobowale

摘要

This study examined the effects of small-scale aquaculture on water quality and floristic composition in the headwaters of the Koteyemu-Fiditi stream, Ikire, Nigeria. While large-scale aquaculture's contribution to water pollution is well-known, the impact of peasant aquaculture on headwater riparian ecosystems remains understudied. Thirty-six surface and groundwater samples were tested for formaldehyde, oxytetracycline, phosphorus, sodium chloride, E. coli, and other physicochemical parameters across the dry and rainy seasons. Riparian plant community inventory was also taken. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and paired samples t-test at α 0.05. In the dry season, 65% of surface water samples contained formaldehyde at 0.03–0.06 mg/L, while all samples had oxytetracycline, phosphorus, sodium chloride, and E. coli, with phosphorus and E. coli exceeding World Health Organization standards. Although characterized by lesser spatial coverage, pollution metrics increased considerably in the rainy season. Significant seasonal variations were observed for phosphorus (p < 0.0001) and sodium chloride (p < 0.005). The study concludes that eutrophication is the primary environmental risk from small-scale freshwater aquaculture. Pollutant metrics are also expected to increase in any season dominated by plant species that are less capable of filtering pollutants.