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<p>Swine wastewater contains high levels of nutrients and heavy metals that pose environmental and agricultural risks if discharged untreated. This study presents a sustainable treatment approach using recycled oyster shell and pumice (OP) to simultaneously recover nutrients and immobilize heavy metals in swine wastewater. Sequential extraction revealed that OP treatment significantly reduced the exchangeable fractions of Cu and Zn in swine manure. To assess the potential for agricultural reuse, biosafety was evaluated using <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> and Chinese cabbage germination assays. <i>C. elegans</i> assays confirmed that OP-treated media eliminated growth and reproductive toxicity observed with raw manure. Similarly, seed germination and stem elongation in Chinese cabbage were unaffected or even improved by OP application. In a field experiment, OP-treated soils enhanced cucumber yield, with the 50% OP blend outperforming commercial organic fertilizer. Metal residues in crops remained well below FAO/WHO food safety thresholds. These findings suggest that OP treatment offers a cost-effective and environmentally safe strategy for managing swine wastewater and promoting circular nutrient reuse in agriculture.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Integrated Nutrient Recovery and Heavy Metal Stabilization from Swine Wastewater Using Oyster Shell and Pumice for Safe Soil Application

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月7日

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  • Yung-Chih Yang,
  • Chi-Wei Huang

摘要

Swine wastewater contains high levels of nutrients and heavy metals that pose environmental and agricultural risks if discharged untreated. This study presents a sustainable treatment approach using recycled oyster shell and pumice (OP) to simultaneously recover nutrients and immobilize heavy metals in swine wastewater. Sequential extraction revealed that OP treatment significantly reduced the exchangeable fractions of Cu and Zn in swine manure. To assess the potential for agricultural reuse, biosafety was evaluated using Caenorhabditis elegans and Chinese cabbage germination assays. C. elegans assays confirmed that OP-treated media eliminated growth and reproductive toxicity observed with raw manure. Similarly, seed germination and stem elongation in Chinese cabbage were unaffected or even improved by OP application. In a field experiment, OP-treated soils enhanced cucumber yield, with the 50% OP blend outperforming commercial organic fertilizer. Metal residues in crops remained well below FAO/WHO food safety thresholds. These findings suggest that OP treatment offers a cost-effective and environmentally safe strategy for managing swine wastewater and promoting circular nutrient reuse in agriculture.

Graphical abstract