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<p>In recent years, the recycling and production of fuel and useful energy humans need from harmful environmental polluters including nitrate, carbon dioxide, and polluted waters has become a global goal. Perovskite photocatalysts are novel, effective, and high-performance materials for these processes. In the current research, ZnIn<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub> 0D quantum dot (QDs) nanoparticles (as non-metallic photocatalyst assistance), Bi<sub>2</sub>WO<sub>6</sub> 3D double perovskite (Bi-based main photocatalyst), and MgAl-layered double hydroxides (MgAl-LDHs) (as 2D materials and metallic photocatalyst assistance) were synthesized with the structure of ZnIn<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub>/Bi<sub>2</sub>WO<sub>6</sub>/LDHs 0D/3D/2D Quantum dots (QDs) Schottky/S-scheme heterojunction perovskite photocatalyst for photoreduction of carbon dioxide and nitrate pollutants to valuable fuels and water splitting process. Moreover, the impact of the key variables such as photoreduction pH (3–9), reaction temperature (25–80℃), photoreduction time (1-6&#xa0;h), photocatalyst amount (0.25–2.0&#xa0;g/l), stirring speed (100–400&#xa0;rpm), and pollutants concentration (100–600 mgL<sup>−1</sup>) on the photocatalytic activity of the ZnIn<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub>/Bi<sub>2</sub>WO<sub>6</sub>/LDHs ternary heterojunction photocatalyst was evaluated. The ZnIn<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub>/Bi<sub>2</sub>WO<sub>6</sub>/LDHs ternary nanocomposite showed the maximum photoreduction of carbon dioxide pollutants to valuable materials with a value of 70%, and methane gas had the largest distribution share with a share of 50%. In addition, the highest efficiency of nitrate reduction was obtained at about 75%, and ammonium ion (NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>) had the largest distribution share with a share of 50%. Eventually, the highest rate of photocatalytic production of hydrogen gas due to the splitting of water molecules was measured with a value of 30&#xa0;mL&#xa0;g<sup>−1</sup>&#xa0;h<sup>−1</sup> (60%). Finally, the ZnIn<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub>/Bi<sub>2</sub>WO<sub>6</sub>/LDHs photocatalyst represented good photocatalytic activity even after 5 times of use.</p>

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Manufacturing the ZnIn2S4/Bi2WO6/LDHs 0D/3D/2D QDs Schottky/S-Scheme Heterojunction as an Efficient Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalyst for Photoreduction of CO2, NO3−, and H2O

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月1日

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  • Hossein Kadkhodayan,
  • Taher Alizadeh

摘要

In recent years, the recycling and production of fuel and useful energy humans need from harmful environmental polluters including nitrate, carbon dioxide, and polluted waters has become a global goal. Perovskite photocatalysts are novel, effective, and high-performance materials for these processes. In the current research, ZnIn2S4 0D quantum dot (QDs) nanoparticles (as non-metallic photocatalyst assistance), Bi2WO6 3D double perovskite (Bi-based main photocatalyst), and MgAl-layered double hydroxides (MgAl-LDHs) (as 2D materials and metallic photocatalyst assistance) were synthesized with the structure of ZnIn2S4/Bi2WO6/LDHs 0D/3D/2D Quantum dots (QDs) Schottky/S-scheme heterojunction perovskite photocatalyst for photoreduction of carbon dioxide and nitrate pollutants to valuable fuels and water splitting process. Moreover, the impact of the key variables such as photoreduction pH (3–9), reaction temperature (25–80℃), photoreduction time (1-6 h), photocatalyst amount (0.25–2.0 g/l), stirring speed (100–400 rpm), and pollutants concentration (100–600 mgL−1) on the photocatalytic activity of the ZnIn2S4/Bi2WO6/LDHs ternary heterojunction photocatalyst was evaluated. The ZnIn2S4/Bi2WO6/LDHs ternary nanocomposite showed the maximum photoreduction of carbon dioxide pollutants to valuable materials with a value of 70%, and methane gas had the largest distribution share with a share of 50%. In addition, the highest efficiency of nitrate reduction was obtained at about 75%, and ammonium ion (NH4+) had the largest distribution share with a share of 50%. Eventually, the highest rate of photocatalytic production of hydrogen gas due to the splitting of water molecules was measured with a value of 30 mL g−1 h−1 (60%). Finally, the ZnIn2S4/Bi2WO6/LDHs photocatalyst represented good photocatalytic activity even after 5 times of use.